The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Dec 2016
Pulmonary flow study predicts survival in pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries.
We hypothesized that mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) detected on a pulmonary flow study may predict medium-term survival and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) in patients with pulmonary atresia (PA), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs). ⋯ PAP obtained from the intraoperative pulmonary flow study is associated with medium-term survival and late RVSP in patients with PA/VSD/MAPCAs. VSD closure for patients with a mean PAP ≥25 mm Hg on a flow study is considered high risk, and sensible judgment and a low threshold for VSD fenestration are required.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Dec 2016
The IMPACT-CABG trial: A multicenter, randomized clinical trial of CD133(+) stem cell therapy during coronary artery bypass grafting for ischemic cardiomyopathy.
The IMPACT-CABG trial is the first North American multicenter phase II randomized study of intramyocardial delivery of autologous CD133(+) stem cells in patients with chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. The primary objective was to demonstrate safety, including freedom from major adverse cardiac events. The secondary objective was to evaluate feasibility of same-day autologous cell preparation. Although the trial was not powered to evaluate LV function, exploratory data were collected. ⋯ The trial successfully met both primary and secondary objectives, demonstrating that same-day isolation and autologous CD133(+) cell delivery with coronary artery bypass grafting is safe and feasible. The positive findings support a larger randomized, multicenter trial, with higher numbers of transplanted cells to demonstrate beneficial effects. The upcoming IMPACT-CABG II trial will evaluate higher cell doses and pharmacologic enhancement to determine whether these cells improve perfusion and myocardial function.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Dec 2016
Concept of an expandable cardiac valve for surgical implantation in infants and children.
Options for cardiac valve replacement in children are limited to fixed-diameter prostheses that do not accommodate for somatic growth. An externally stented bovine jugular vein graft has been modified for surgical valve replacement in pediatric patients, with the intention of subsequent valve expansion in the catheterization laboratory as the child grows. ⋯ A surgically implanted externally reinforced bovine jugular vein demonstrates acceptable short-term function and is amenable to catheter-based enlargement as the child grows. Modification of valve design and implantation techniques are necessary to reduce perivalvular complications.