The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLeukocyte depletion attenuates expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules during cardiopulmonary bypass in human beings.
On the basis of scanty information, the effects of a leukocyte filter during cardiac operations in human beings have been examined from the viewpoint of the expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules. This study was therefore designed to determine whether leukocyte depletion during cardiopulmonary bypass may interfere with neutrophil adhesion properties. ⋯ The major findings of the present study in human subjects undergoing elective cardiac operations with cardiopulmonary bypass are as follows: (1) bypass was associated with an up-regulation of the adhesion molecules L-selectin, CD11b, and CD11c but with no significant change in CD11a expression, and (2) the clinical use of a leukocyte-depleting filter could down-regulate the expression of CD11b and L-selectin.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialVancomycin versus cefazolin prophylaxis for cardiac surgery in the setting of a high prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections.
This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of vancomycin prophylaxis with that of cefazolin in preventing surgical site infections in a tertiary medical center with a high prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections. ⋯ This trial suggests that vancomycin and cefazolin have similar efficacy in preventing surgical site infections in cardiac surgery.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2002
Revascularization of the lateral wall: long-term angiographic and clinical results of radial artery versus right internal thoracic artery grafting.
We sought to evaluate whether the radial artery provides the same results as the right internal thoracic artery in lateral wall revascularization in the long term. ⋯ In the long-term, lateral wall grafting with the radial artery provides the same clinical and angiographic results as right internal thoracic artery grafting.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2002
Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB chemosensitizes non-small cell lung cancer through cytochrome c release and caspase activation.
Although we have previously shown that inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB sensitizes non-small cell lung cancer cells to chemotherapy-mediated cell death, the apoptotic pathways mediating this process are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether chemosensitivity after the inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in non-small cell lung cancer cells is a mitochondrial and caspase-mediated process and whether it is dependent on nuclear factor kappaB transcriptional activity. ⋯ Chemosensitization by means of inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in non-small cell lung cancer cells occurs through increased cytochrome c release and caspase 3 and 9 activation. Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB or its gene products in addition to chemotherapy warrants further study as a treatment strategy in patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Feb 2002
Antithrombin III concentrate to treat heparin resistance in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
The purpose of this report is to describe the clinical use of antithrombin III concentrate in 53 patients who were found, in the operating room before cardiopulmonary bypass, to be heparin resistant. ⋯ On the basis of the criterion used in this report, most of the patients defined as being heparin resistant had subnormal plasma antithrombin III activity. Treatment with antithrombin III concentrate resulted in potentiation of the heparin effect to meet predetermined activated clotting time thresholds and allow for cardiopulmonary bypass.