The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Apr 1998
Clinical TrialEsmolol for the management of pediatric hypertension after cardiac operations.
Hypertension frequently occurs during the immediate postoperative period in children after repair of aortic coarctation but may also occur after repair of other congenital heart defects. Nitroprusside has often been used to control blood pressure in this setting. Because hypertension after coarctation repair is frequently associated with elevations in catecholamines, esmolol, a short-acting beta-blocking agent, may be an effective alternative. Therefore we undertook the first systematic investigation to determine the efficacy and disposition of esmolol in pediatric patients with acute hypertension after cardiac operations. ⋯ The dosage required to control hypertension in patients after repair of aortic coarctation was higher than patients who underwent repair of other congenital heart defects. Esmolol was effective in controlling blood pressure in 19 of 20 patients without adverse effects.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Apr 1998
Neurophysiologic assessment of nerve impairment in posterolateral and muscle-sparing thoracotomy.
This study was aimed at analyzing the degree of intercostal nerve impairment in posterolateral and muscle-sparing thoracotomy and at correlating the nerve damage to the severity of long-lasting postthoracotomy pain. ⋯ This study shows for the first time the pathophysiologic differences between posterolateral and muscle-sparing thoracotomy and suggests that the minor long-lasting postthoracotomy pain in muscle-sparing thoracotomy patients is partly due to a minor nerve damage. In addition, because nerve impairment is responsible for the long-lasting neuropathic component of postoperative pain, it is necessary to match specific treatments to the neuropathic pain-generating mechanisms.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Apr 1998
One hundred patients with the HeartMate left ventricular assist device: evolving concepts and technology.
Implantable left ventricular assist devices are common as a bridge to transplantation but are just reaching their goal as an alternative to transplantation. ⋯ The HeartMate device provided excellent hemodynamic support with low device-related thromboembolic events. Infection and reliability of the device contributed to the high cost of therapy. These areas need to be improved for the left ventricular assist device to attain its goal as a viable alternative to transplantation.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Apr 1998
Midterm results after minimally invasive coronary surgery (LAST operation)
Our experience with a left internal thoracic artery graft to the left anterior descending artery via a left anterior small thoracotomy is reviewed to evaluate midterm results. ⋯ Left anterior small thoracotomy gives acceptable midterm results. Incidence of patent and nonrestrictive anastomoses was satisfactory, especially in the most recent part of our experience, when the learning curve ended.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Mar 1998
Liquid ventilation improves pulmonary function and cardiac output in a neonatal swine model of cardiopulmonary bypass.
Neonatal and infant cardiopulmonary bypass results in multiorgan system dysfunction. Organ protective strategies have traditionally been directed at the myocardium and brain while neglecting the sometimes severe injury to the lungs. We hypothesized that liquid ventilation would improve pulmonary function and cardiac output in neonates after cardiopulmonary bypass. ⋯ Liquid ventilation improved pulmonary function after neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass while increasing cardiac output. The morbidity associated with cardiopulmonary bypass may be significantly reduced if the adverse pulmonary sequelae of bypass can be diminished. Liquid ventilation may become an important technique to protect the lungs from the deleterious effects of cardiopulmonary bypass.