Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2009
Review[Neurodegeneration and neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis].
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has neurodegenerative features including neuronal and axonal loss in demyelination lesions and widespread atrophy of the brain. The cause of this neurodegeneration has been largely attributed to inflammation but other mechanisms, including those associated with classic neurodegenerative disease, might also be involved in the MS pathogenesis. Certain noninvasive tests such as magnetization transfer imaging, diffusion weighted imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy might be superior in early detection of axonal loss. In the current review, the authors discuss the current understanding of the neurodegenerative mechanisms in MS, agents with neuroprotective properties and their possible application in the treatment of MS.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study[Baclosan (baclofen) in the treatment of back pains: results of a multicenter study BRAVO].
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2009
Review[Approaches to the treatment of malignant and progressive multiple sclerosis].
Disease-modifying therapy of multiple sclerosis (MS) with malignant and progressive course of the disease currently is not fully covered at present. Data on the use of some immunosupressors and cytostatics in the treatment of MS with rapid progression of disability are reviewed.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2009
Comparative Study[Peculiarities of cognitive functions in patients with chronic back pain].
The authors have studied cognitive functions and influencing factors in 64 patients with chronic low back pain. All patients have been examined using neurologic, neuroorthopedic, pathopsychological and neuropsychological methods. Patients have been divided into 2 groups according to their age: group 1 (aged 30-50 years) and group 2 (aged 51-60 years). ⋯ Significant differences in neuropsychological testing, i.e. mental flexibility, delayed memory, psychomotor speed, which referred to the subtle cognitive impairment with executive function disturbances, were found in both groups of patients with chronic low back pain as compared to pain-free adults. Sensory-discriminative (pain intensity) and affective-emotional (negative emotions, in particular, anxiety) characteristics had the effect on cognitive functions in younger patients without depressive symptoms. Affective-emotional (anxiety, psychological distress) and cognitive characteristics (i.e. catastrophising) contributed to the cognitive disturbances in older patients.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2009
Comparative Study[Efficacy of gabapentin in patients with discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy].
Optimal conservative therapy of discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy is a matter of debates. Contemporary guidelines recommend measures that predominantly have an influence on nociceptive mechanisms. However the mixed nature of pain in patients with discogenic radiculopathy requires approaches used for treatment of neuropathic pain. ⋯ In both groups, the reduction of vertebral syndrome and neuropathic pain characteristics was noticed as well. The clinically significant effect was found in 59% of patients with early onset of treatment with gabapentin and in 51% of patients with later onset. These results suggest that early use of gabapentin (tebantin) holds promises for treatment of discogenic radiculopathy.