Pediatrics
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Comparative Study
Injury patterns in obese versus nonobese children presenting to a pediatric emergency department.
Two of the most prevalent problems facing youth in the United States are injury and obesity. Obesity increases the risk of injury, prolongs recovery time, and increases morbidity among injured children. ⋯ Obese children are significantly more likely to sustain lower extremity injuries than upper extremity injuries and less likely to sustain head and face injuries than nonobese children. Strategies for preventing lower extremity injuries among obese youth should be sought.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Multicenter study of repeat epinephrine treatments for food-related anaphylaxis.
We sought to establish the frequency of receiving >1 dose of epinephrine in children who present to the emergency department (ED) with food-related anaphylaxis. ⋯ Among children with food-related anaphylaxis who received epinephrine, 12% received a second dose. Results of this study support the recommendation that children at risk for food-related anaphylaxis carry 2 doses of epinephrine.
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Comparative Study
Low birth weight and lung function in adulthood: retrospective cohort study in China, 1948-1996.
The goal was to determine whether the components of low lung function in adulthood were associated with low birth weight in a Chinese population. ⋯ Low birth weight may increase the prevalence of and risk for low lung function in adulthood in the Chinese population. The development of lung function may be affected by hypogenesis in utero.
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This technical report reviews and synthesizes the published literature on racial/ethnic disparities in children's health and health care. ⋯ Racial/ethnic disparities in children's health and health care are extensive, pervasive, and persistent, and occur across the spectrum of health and health care. Methodologic flaws were identified in how such disparities are sometimes documented and analyzed. Optimal health and health care for all children will require recognition of disparities as pervasive problems, methodologically sound disparities studies, and rigorous evaluation of disparities interventions.
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Comparative Study
State variation in underinsurance among children with special health care needs in the United States.
National attention has focused on providing health insurance coverage for children. Less awareness has been given to underinsurance, particularly for children with special health care needs (CSHCN). Defined as having inadequate benefits, underinsurance may be a particular problem for CSHCN because of their greater needs for medical care. ⋯ The individual-level and macro-level factors examined only partly explain state variations in underinsurance. Furthermore, the macro-level factors explained only a small portion of the variance; however, other macro-level factors may be relevant for the observed patterns.