Pediatrics
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Dimenhydrinate in children with infectious gastroenteritis: a prospective, RCT.
Vomiting is a common symptom in children with infectious gastroenteritis. It contributes to fluid loss and is a limiting factor for oral rehydration therapy. Dimenhydrinate has traditionally been used for children with gastroenteritis in countries such as Canada and Germany. We investigated the efficacy and safety of dimenhydrinate in children with acute gastroenteritis. ⋯ Dimenhydrinate reduces the frequency of vomiting in children with mild dehydration; however, the overall benefit is low, because it does not improve oral rehydration and clinical outcome.
-
Multicenter Study
Decision-making by adolescents and parents of children with cancer regarding health research participation.
Low rates of participation of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in clinical oncology trials may contribute to poorer outcomes. Factors that influence the decision of AYAs to participate in health research and whether these factors are different from those that affect the participation of parents of children with cancer. ⋯ AYAs identified time commitment and having too much to think about as significant impediments to research participation. Addressing these barriers by minimizing time requirements and further supporting decision-making may improve informed consent and impact on enrollment in trials.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Erythropoietin improved neurologic outcomes in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of erythropoietin in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), by using a randomized, prospective study design. ⋯ Repeated, low-dose, recombinant human erythropoietin treatment reduced the risk of disability for infants with moderate HIE, without apparent side effects.
-
Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Synchronized nasal intermittent positive-pressure ventilation and neonatal outcomes.
Synchronized nasal intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (SNIPPV) use reduces reintubation rates compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). Limited information is available on the outcomes of infants managed with SNIPPV. ⋯ SNIPPV use in infants at greatest risk of BPD or death (500-750 g) was associated with decreased BPD, BPD/death, NDI, and NDI/death when compared with infants managed with NCPAP.
-
Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Pediatric patient safety in emergency departments: unit characteristics and staff perceptions.
The goals were (1) to describe emergency department (ED) characteristics thought to be related to patient safety within the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network, (2) to measure staff perceptions of the climate of safety in EDs, and (3) to measure associations between ED characteristics and a climate of safety. ⋯ Large variability existed among EDs in structures and processes thought to be associated with patient safety and in staff perception of the safety climate. Several ED characteristics were associated with a positive climate of safety.