Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Intranasal triamcinolone and growth velocity.
Inadequate designs and conflicting results from previous studies prompted the US Food and Drug Administration to publish guidelines for the design of clinical trials evaluating the effects of orally inhaled and intranasal corticosteroids on the growth of children. This study conformed to these guidelines to evaluate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide aqueous nasal spray (TAA-AQ) on the growth of children with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). ⋯ By using rigorous Food and Drug Administration-recommended design elements, this study detected a small, statistically significant effect of TAA-AQ on the GV of children with PAR.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Benefits of strict rest after acute concussion: a randomized controlled trial.
To determine if recommending strict rest improved concussion recovery and outcome after discharge from the pediatric emergency department (ED). ⋯ Recommending strict rest for adolescents immediately after concussion offered no added benefit over the usual care. Adolescents' symptom reporting was influenced by recommending strict rest.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Morphine versus clonidine for neonatal abstinence syndrome.
The study goal was to determine whether clonidine treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) would result in a better neurobehavioral performance compared with morphine. ⋯ Clonidine may be a favorable alternative to morphine as a single-drug therapy for NAS. A multicenter randomized trial is warranted.
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Pertussis incidence is increasing, possibly due to the introduction of acellular vaccines, which may have decreased the durability of immune response. We sought to evaluate and compare the duration of protective immunity conferred by a childhood immunization series with 3 or 5 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP). ⋯ Although acellular pertussis vaccines are considered safer, the adoption of these vaccines may necessitate earlier booster vaccination and repeated boosting strategies to achieve necessary "herd effects" to control the spread of pertussis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Sustained lung inflation at birth for preterm infants: a randomized clinical trial.
Studies suggest that giving newly born preterm infants sustained lung inflation (SLI) may decrease their need for mechanical ventilation (MV) and improve their respiratory outcomes. ⋯ SLI followed by nCPAP in the delivery room decreased the need for MV in the first 72 hours of life in preterm infants at high risk of respiratory distress syndrome compared with nCPAP alone but did not decrease the need for respiratory support and the occurrence of BPD.