Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Pulse oximeter sensor application during neonatal resuscitation: a randomized controlled trial.
This study was done to compare 2 techniques of pulse oximeter sensor application during neonatal resuscitation for faster signal detection. ⋯ In the delivery room setting, the STOF method recognized saturation and heart rate faster than the STIF method. The time from birth to reliable signal was similar with the 2 methods.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Vitamin D during pregnancy and infancy and infant serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration.
To determine the vitamin D dose necessary to achieve serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration ≥ 20 ng/mL during infancy. ⋯ Daily vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and then infancy with 1000/400 IU or 2000/800 IU increases the proportion of infants with 25(OH)D ≥ 20 ng/mL, with the higher dose sustaining this increase for longer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
7% Hypertonic saline in acute bronchiolitis: a randomized controlled trial.
Research suggests that hypertonic saline (HS) may improve mucous flow in infants with acute bronchiolitis. Data suggest a trend favoring reduced length of hospital stay and improved pulmonary scores with increasing concentration of nebulized solution to 3% and 5% saline as compared with 0.9% saline mixed with epinephrine. To our knowledge, 7% HS has not been previously investigated. ⋯ In moderate to severe acute bronchiolitis, inhalation of 7% HS with epinephrine does not appear to confer any clinically significant decrease in BSS when compared with 0.9% saline with epinephrine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Reducing children's exposure to secondhand smoke at home: a randomized trial.
To develop and test an intervention to reduce children's exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) at homes in Yerevan, Armenia. ⋯ Intensive intervention is effective in decreasing children's exposure to SHS through educating mothers and promoting smoking restrictions at home. However, superiority over minimal intervention to decrease children's exposure was not statistically significant.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Probiotic effects on late-onset sepsis in very preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial.
Late-onset sepsis frequently complicates prematurity, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Probiotics may reduce mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants, with unclear effect on late-onset sepsis. This study aimed to determine the effect of administering a specific combination of probiotics to very preterm infants on culture-proven late-onset sepsis. ⋯ The probiotics B infantis, S thermophilus, and B lactis significantly reduced NEC of Bell stage 2 or more in very preterm infants, but not definite late-onset sepsis or mortality. Treatment with this combination of probiotics appears to be safe.