Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Rapid placement of transpyloric feeding tubes: a comparison of pH-assisted and standard insertion techniques in children.
To compare transpyloric feeding tube placement using a pH-assisted placement technique versus a standard placement technique in pediatric patients requiring enteral nutrition. ⋯ Our findings indicate that bedside transpyloric placement of pH-assisted feeding tubes can be accomplished rapidly and with a high success rate. This method is associated with decreased radiation exposure and economic savings when compared with a standard placement technique.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Nebulized budesonide is as effective as nebulized adrenaline in moderately severe croup.
Nebulized budesonide and nebulized adrenaline have been shown to be effective in the treatment of moderately severe croup. However, there has been no direct comparison of these therapies. We undertook a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel group study in 66 hospitalized children with viral or spasmodic croup. ⋯ This study does not show any difference in efficacy and safety between nebulized budesonide and nebulized adrenaline in the treatment of acute upper airway obstruction in patients with moderately severe croup.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The efficacy of nebulized budesonide in dexamethasone-treated outpatients with croup.
To determine the added clinical benefit of nebulized budesonide in children with mild to moderate croup treated with 0.6 mg/kg oral dexamethasone. ⋯ Despite receiving simultaneous oral dexamethasone, pediatric outpatients with mild to moderate croup have added, clinically important improvement in respiratory symptoms after treatment with budesonide.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of topical anesthetics without cocaine to tetracaine-adrenaline-cocaine and lidocaine infiltration during repair of lacerations: bupivacaine-norepinephrine is an effective new topical anesthetic agent.
To compare the effectiveness of four topical anesthetics that do not contain cocaine with that of topical tetracaine-addrenaline-cocaine (TAC) and lidocaine infiltration during laceration repair in children. ⋯ Bupivanor is an effective alternative to TAC and lidocaine infiltration for local anesthesia during laceration repair, expecially on the face and scalp. The effectiveness of Bupivanor on the face is important, because it is here where TAC is most likely inadvertently to come into contact with mucous membranes and result in systemic toxicity. Because pain and distress scores did not take into consideration the pain associated with the initial injection of lidocaine, the findings of this study conservatively estimate Bupivanor's effectiveness, compared with lidocaine infiltration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Surfactant replacement therapy for meconium aspiration syndrome.
The pathophysiology of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is related not only to mechanical obstruction of the airways and chemical injury to the respiratory epithelium but also to surfactant inactivation by meconium. A randomized, controlled study was performed to determine whether high-dose surfactant therapy improves the pulmonary morbidity of term infants ventilated for MAS. ⋯ Surfactant replacement therapy, if started within 6 hours after birth, improves oxygenation and reduces the incidence of air leaks, severity of pulmonary morbidity, and hospitalization time of term infants with MAS.