J Am Diet Assoc
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Substituting milk for apple juice does not increase kidney stone risk in most normocalciuric adults who form calcium oxalate stones.
Increasing intake of dietary calcium from less than 400 mg to 800 mg daily may decrease the absorption of dietary oxalate, which in turn would decrease urinary oxalate excretion. The effect of substituting milk for apple juice on urine composition and risk of calcium oxalate precipitability was studied. ⋯ Substituting 360 mL milk daily for apple juice with meals in a diet containing moderate amounts of dietary oxalate from whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables does not increase the risk index of calcium oxalate precipitability in most normocalciuric adults who form stones.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
A randomized, controlled evaluation of two commercially available human breast milk fortifiers in healthy preterm neonates.
To evaluate the added nutritional value of the two commercially available human breast milk fortifiers: Similac Natural Care (NC) and Enfamil Powder (EP). ⋯ These findings suggest that both products provide the additional nutritional support necessary for optimal overall postnatal growth in healthy preterm infants. The differences in calcium and alkaline phosphatase may be due to the differences in vitamin D content in fortifiers 88 IU/100 mL in mixed NC vs 270 IU/100 mL in mixed EP. This observation calls for careful monitoring of calcium and alkaline phosphatase values and possible adjustments of vitamin D intake when fortifiers are used for extended periods.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Controlled portions of presweetened cereals present no glycemic penalty in persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
To determine metabolic responses to commercially sweetened flaked corn cereal, unsweetened flaked corn cereal, glucose, and sucrose in teenagers and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). ⋯ Equivalent gram amounts of carbohydrate as presweetened breakfast cereals are not detrimental to persons with IDDM compared with unsweetened cereals. Therefore, presweetened cereals can be used in the correct portion sizes and based on the number of carbohydrate or starch servings in a person's diabetic meal plan.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Vegetables, fruits, and legumes: effect on urinary isoflavonoid phytoestrogen and lignan excretion.
To compare the effect of vegetable, fruit, and legume consumption on urinary isoflavonoid phytoestrogen and lignan excretion. ⋯ Urinary lignan and isoflavonoid excretion changed in response to alterations in vegetable, fruit, and legume intake under controlled dietary conditions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Influences on breast-feeding by lower-income women: an incentive-based, partner-supported educational program.
To determine the effects of a partner-supported, incentive-based educational program on rates and duration of breast-feeding among low-income women. ⋯ These findings suggest that incentives, such as donated prizes, can be used to attract primiparous women from lower socioeconomic groups, along with their partners, to participate in educational interventions designed to promote breast-feeding. Participation by couples in breast-feeding promotion activities can dramatically increase the rate and duration of breast-feeding.