Jpen Parenter Enter
-
Jpen Parenter Enter · Mar 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of gastrointestinal tolerance to two enteral feeding protocols in critically ill patients: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.
The purpose of this study was to compare gastrointestinal tolerance to two enteral feeding protocols in critically ill patients. ⋯ The incidence of enteral feeding intolerance was reduced by using a gastric residual volume of 250 mL along with the mandatory use of prokinetics. The study showed a trend of improved enteral nutrition provision and reduced the time to reach the goal rate in group II. These improvements support the adoption of the proposed feeding protocol for critically ill patients.
-
Jpen Parenter Enter · Jan 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialVerbal and visual memory improve after choline supplementation in long-term total parenteral nutrition: a pilot study.
Previous investigations have demonstrated that choline deficiency, manifested in low plasma-free choline concentration and hepatic injury, may develop in patients who require long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Preliminary studies have suggested lecithin or choline supplementation might lead to improved visual memory in the elderly and reverse abnormal neuropsychological development in children. We sought to determine if choline-supplemented TPN would lead to improvement in neuropsychological test scores in a group of adult, choline-deficient outpatients receiving TPN. ⋯ This pilot study indicates both verbal and visual memory may be impaired in patients who require long-term TPN and both may be improved with choline supplementation.
-
Jpen Parenter Enter · May 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEarly versus delayed feeding with an immune-enhancing diet in patients with severe head injuries.
Although early enteral feeding clearly reduces septic morbidity after blunt and penetrating trauma, data for head-injured patients are conflicting. This study examines the effects of early vs delayed enteral feedings on outcome in patients with severe closed-head injuries with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score greater than 3 and less than 11. ⋯ No difference in length of stay or infectious complications is shown in patients with severe closed-head injury when they are given early vs delayed feeding using an immune-enhancing formula. Severity of the head injury is closely associated with significant infection.
-
Jpen Parenter Enter · Mar 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIncidence of gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration in mechanically ventilated patients using small-bore nasogastric tubes.
Use of a large-bore nasogastric tube (NGT) and patient position are considered key factors in promoting gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and pulmonary aspiration in critically ill patients. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of GER and pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in mechanically ventilated (MV) patients using small-bore NGTs. ⋯ GER and aspiration of gastric contents were not detected in MV patients using small-bore NGTs and may be a simple measure to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.
-
Jpen Parenter Enter · Nov 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA prospective, randomized clinical trial on perioperative feeding with an arginine-, omega-3 fatty acid-, and RNA-enriched enteral diet: effect on host response and nutritional status.
The use of immune-enhancing enteral diets in the postoperative period has given contrasting results. The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical study was to evaluate the effect of immunonutrition given perioperatively on cytokine release and nutritional parameters. ⋯ Perioperative feeding with a supplemented enteral diet modulates cytokine production and enhances cell-mediated immunity and the synthesis of short half-life proteins.