Pediatr Crit Care Me
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Nov 2008
Multicenter StudyThe Withdrawal Assessment Tool-1 (WAT-1): an assessment instrument for monitoring opioid and benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms in pediatric patients.
To develop and test the validity and reliability of the Withdrawal Assessment Tool-1 for monitoring opioid and benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms in pediatric patients. ⋯ The Withdrawal Assessment Tool-1 shows excellent preliminary psychometric performance when used to assess clinically important withdrawal symptoms in the pediatric intensive care unit setting. Further psychometric evaluation in diverse at-risk groups is needed.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Nov 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialA prospective randomized controlled blinded study of three bronchodilators in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis on mechanical ventilation.
To study patients with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in respiratory failure to make specific measurements reflecting airway resistance before and after treatment with commonly used agents. We hypothesized that racemic epinephrine would decrease airways resistance more effectively than levalbuterol, and levalbuterol would decrease airways resistance more effectively than racemic albuterol. Normal saline was used as a control. ⋯ Similar statistically significant bronchodilation occurred after all three bronchodilators as indicated by a decrease in peak inspiratory pressure and respiratory system resistance, but these changes were small and probably clinically insignificant. However, side effects of bronchodilators, such as tachycardia, also occurred, and these may be clinically significant. Thus the benefit of bronchodilator treatment in these patients is small, does not differ among the drugs we studied and of questionable value.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Nov 2008
Cranial computed tomographic findings in a large group of children with drowning: diagnostic, prognostic, and forensic implications.
The primary aim of this study is to better define both the type and incidence of cranial computed tomography (CT) abnormalities in children following submersion injury. ⋯ These data from the largest study of CT findings in pediatric drowning clearly illustrate that following submersion injury, intra- or extra-axial bleeding is not seen on cranial CT. Furthermore, an abnormal CT scan at any time was associated with a poor outcome (death or persistent vegetative state). The CT findings and the presenting Glasgow Coma Scale of patients with drowning differ from those of patients who have suffered abusive head trauma.