Resp Res
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Review Meta Analysis
The role of pirfenidone in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease, with a median survival time of 2-5 years. The search for effective treatment has involved numerous clinical trials of investigational agents without significant success. However, in 2011, pirfenidone was the first drug to be approved for the treatment of IPF in Europe. ⋯ Pirfenidone was generally well tolerated, with the most common side effects being gastrointestinal and photosensitivity. Data from the RECAP extension phase of the CAPACITY studies, where patients were treated with pirfenidone for up to three years, further support the manageable tolerability profile of pirfenidone. The efficacy data, coupled with long-term safety data, provide further evidence of a clinically-meaningful treatment effect with pirfenidone in patients with IPF.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effect of an anti-interleukin-9 monoclonal antibody in adults with uncontrolled asthma.
Preclinical studies suggest that interleukin-9 may be a central mediator in the development and maintenance of airway inflammation in asthma. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of MEDI-528, an anti-interleukin-9 monoclonal antibody, in adults with confirmed uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma. ⋯ The addition of MEDI-528 to existing asthma controller medications was not associated with any improvement in ACQ-6 scores, asthma exacerbation rates, or FEV1 values, nor was it associated with any major safety concerns.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Efficacy and safety of AZD3199 vs formoterol in COPD: a randomized, double-blind study.
We investigated the efficacy and safety of AZD3199, a novel inhaled ultra-LABA, with the main aim of establishing a dose that would maintain 24-hour bronchodilation in patients with COPD. ⋯ All three doses of AZD3199 produced 24-hour bronchodilation, but with no clear dose-response, suggesting that doses of 200 μg or less may be sufficient to maintain bronchodilation over 24 hours in patients with COPD. No safety concerns were identified. Further studies are required to determine the once-daily AZD3199 dose for COPD.
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Multicenter Study
Paired inspiratory-expiratory chest CT scans to assess for small airways disease in COPD.
Gas trapping quantified on chest CT scans has been proposed as a surrogate for small airway disease in COPD. We sought to determine if measurements using paired inspiratory and expiratory CT scans may be better able to separate gas trapping due to emphysema from gas trapping due to small airway disease. ⋯ Quantitative measures based on paired inspiratory and expiratory chest CT scans can be used as markers of small airway disease in smokers with and without COPD, but this will require that future studies acquire both inspiratory and expiratory CT scans.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Characterisation of exacerbation risk and exacerbator phenotypes in the POET-COPD trial.
Data examining the characteristics of patients with frequent exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and associated hospitalisations and mortality are scarce. ⋯ The frequent exacerbator phenotype was closely associated with exacerbation-related hospitalisations, and exacerbation-related hospitalisations were associated with poorer survival.