Arch Iran Med
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Historical Article
A Biographical History of Some Iranian Pioneers in Medical Immunology and Allergy.
The oldest literature that mentioned the immunity was related to the plague of Athens in 430 BC. The germ theory had more influence on the description of the discrimination between self and non-self which is the core concept of immunology. Allergic diseases were known from 2,000 years ago while Rhazes wrote the first medical monograph about seasonal allergic rhinitis. ⋯ Mohammad Ali Maleki established the first Iranian Society of Allergy and then Prof. Abolhassan Farhoodi found the first Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy at Tehran University. In this paper, we review the role of famous Iranian scientists and physicians in the progress of modern immunology and allergy from a historical perspective.
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Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are common types of cancers. Among different factors that affect the etiology of GI cancers, diet has an important contribution. Dietary antioxidants decrease oxidative stress which plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis. Several studies assessed the relation between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and risk of GI cancers. Dietary TAC was measured by three indices including FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power), TRAP (total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter), and TEAC (trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to determine the association between dietary TAC and GI cancers risk. ⋯ This study indicated that dietary TAC significantly decreased the risk of GI cancers. Nevertheless, further prospective studies are required to clarify the association between dietary TAC and risk of GI cancers.
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The Tabari cohort study (TCS), part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN), is a large longitudinal prospective cohort designed to better understand the risk factors associated with major non-communicable diseases (NCDs) across two urban and mountainous regions in north of Iran. ⋯ The Tabari cohort is different from other cohorts in terms of levels of risk factors associated with NCDs. This study has certain important strengths including its population-based design and large sample size that provides a valid platform for conducting future investigations and trials. A biobank that has been designed to store blood, nail, hair and urine samples for future research is another strength of this study. Researchers who are interested in using the information can refer to the following web page: http://persiancohort.com.
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Evans syndrome is a rare syndrome associated with the simultaneous or sequential development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Furthermore, acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome characterized by the rapid loss of kidney excretory function and is most often secondary to extrarenal events. However, AKI has rarely been recorded in Evans syndrome without systemic autoimmune disease and malignant tumors of the blood and lymphatic system. ⋯ Treatment with antibiotics, rehydration therapy, and hemodialysis resulted in partial remission; thus, we diagnosed the patient with Evans syndrome presenting with AKI. The patient was successfully treated by the addition of steroid treatment. When AKI presents with hemolysis and thrombocytopenia, physicians should consider Evans syndrome, which can be appropriately treated when detected early.
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Comparative Study
Research Performance in Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine in Iran: A National Comprehensive Observation.
Accomplishments in stem cell science and tissue engineering have resulted in a remarkable revolution in the context of future medicine. However, a general insight over the progress of stem cell research in Iran is still lacking. A better understanding of current needs in this field is required to design a better national roadmap. ⋯ Stem cell research in Iran is rapidly developing. Since 2007, the number of published documents in major research institutes increased; thus, there is necessity for analysis of the status of publications in this field and choosing a better direction based on needs. Furthermore, it is necessary to expand and organize international collaborations to enrich our research and benefit from different team experiences.