Arch Iran Med
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative and opportunistic bacterium that causes opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the association between exotoxin A and exoenzyme S production with antibiotic resistance patterns. ⋯ High frequency of toxA+ resistant strains isolated from inpatients and significant association between the toxin and drug resistance in more antibiotics, reinforces possible role of exotoxin A as an extracellular protein in the regulation of drug resistance genes. The results may be further verified by Southern blot analysis of toxA and exoS gene expression and elucidation of the mechanism of antibiotic resistance.
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Malaria is a major public health challenge in tropical and semi-tropical countries in terms of high morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to report the burden of malaria in Iran, extracted from the global burden of disease 2010 study (GBD 2010) covering the period 1990 to 2010, to compare these findings with similar results, and to present some recommendations as potential solutions for gaining more accurate estimations regarding the burden of the disease in Iran. ⋯ The findings revealed that the burden of malaria decreased remarkably between 1990 and 2010. The explanation for this decrease is the establishment of a malaria surveillance system in various parts of Iran, and utilization of proper intervention and the improvement of infrastructures, which play a role in disease transmission, especially in endemic areas.
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Multicenter Study
Surveillance of Antibiotic Consumption Point Prevalence Survey 2014: Antimicrobial Prescribing in Pediatrics Wards of 16 Iranian Hospitals.
Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs in pediatrics. Due to lack of uniformity in pediatric antimicrobial prescribing and the emergence of antibiotic resistance, appropriate drug utilization studies have been found to be crucial to evaluate whether these drugs are properly used. ⋯ According to results of this study, antibiotics' prescribing in pediatrics wards of Iranian hospitals is empirical. Therefore, for quality improvement of antimicrobial use in children continuous audit process and antibiotic prescriptions require further investigation.
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Nosocomial infections are public health issues that are associated with high mortality in intensive care units. This study aimed to determine nosocomial infection-associated mortality in Tunisian intensive care units and identify its risk factors. ⋯ Our rate was relatively high. We need to improve the care of trauma patients and intensify the fight against nosocomial infections especially bacteremia.
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This study aimed to detect the presence of the parasite Demodex folliculorum (DF) in various obese groups according to BMI Levels. ⋯ The DF positivity was significantly higher in obese patients in accordance with the physiopathologic nature of the disease.