Arch Iran Med
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Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In Iran, it is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths for men and the third most common for women. This study aimed to examine the clinicopathological characteristics of Iranian patients with LC. ⋯ Although some of our findings are consistent with those of previous LC studies, there are some discrepancies, especially concerning the smoking status and median age of the Iranian patients. Therefore, additional clinical and epidemiological studies are needed to determine the impact of non-smoking factors, such as environmental exposure and genetic predisposition, on the development of LC.
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A better understanding of health system performance requires evaluating achievements and challenges, thereby providing a basis for effective reforms. This systematic review aims to investigate the challenges and weaknesses of leadership and governance-related health policies in Iran. ⋯ The identified challenges underscore the urgent need for strategic reforms and interventions to overcome the complex issues plaguing the healthcare system. By addressing these challenges, policymakers and top healthcare managers might ensure that the population have access to high-quality care in a more responsive healthcare system.
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Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant cancers with a poor prognosis. Despite advances in the diagnosis and management of PC, the survival rate remains low. In Iran, the incidence of PC is increasing, with mortality rates nearly doubling over the past 25 years. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the temporal variations and incidence of PC in Golestan province, as a prominent hub for gastrointestinal cancers in Iran. ⋯ Our study showed that the incidence of PC is increasing in the Golestan province. Also, the incidence rate was higher in men, elderly people, and the urban population.
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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a relatively prevalent fetal echocardiography finding in complex congenital heart diseases. Current studies indicate that intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms could be involved in the development of left heart hypoplasia. Left ventricular inflow or outflow disorders may cause left heart hypoplasia. ⋯ In our patient, prenatal progressive left heart hypoplasia associated with restrictive foramen oval (FO) suggested the likelihood of a flow-mediated mechanism. Additionally, postnatal improvement of the hypoplastic left heart in the presence of a functional perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PM-VSD) reinforced the suspicion of an extrinsic mechanism. Pre- or postnatal interventional creation of an atrial septal defect (ASD) or VSD is our proposed method for HLHS in selected patients.
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Historical Article
In Commemoration of Dr. Farrokh Modabber: An Iranian Pioneer of Cellular Immunology, and Leishmaniases Vaccine Research in Iran and the World.
Born in 1940 in Rasht, Iran, Dr. Farrokh Modabber earned his B. A. in Bacteriology and Ph. ⋯ Modabber went on to hold esteemed positions such as Director General of the Pasteur Institute of Iran, visiting immunology lecturer at various universities, Coordinator of Research Capability Strengthening of WHO's Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), Director of the Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI), and Senior Advisor of Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi), to name a few. This article highlights Dr. Modabber's impactful career, focusing on his efforts to combat global leishmaniasis.