Arch Med Sci
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In critically ill patients, acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication with very high mortality rates. Several studies indicated that statin therapy, primarily due to its so-called pleiotropic effects, may beneficially affect the course of the disease, otherwise leading to significant clinical complications. However, both the original research as well as available meta-analyses on these associations report equivocal results. This leaves open a question whether pre- and perioperative statins might prevent AKI and improve overall prognosis in patients undergoing surgery. ⋯ Our analysis showed a significant association between statin therapy and overall mortality of critically ill surgical patients diagnosed with AKI, while at the same time the use of statins did not affect the length of their stay in ICU.
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Patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) suffer frequent relapse with adverse effects caused by long-term prednisolone treatment. Recently, the chimeric monoclonal antibody against the protein CD20 (rituximab - RTX) was observed to be efficacious and safe in the treatment of patients with SDNS. We summarized the scientific literature to evaluate RTX therapy in the clinical management of SDNS. ⋯ In the studies that we considered, we concluded that RTX treatment was effective and safe in the therapy of patients with SDNS. Nevertheless, more randomized controlled trials are required to explore the mechanism of RTX action and verify its efficacy.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the preventive effect of 13 drugs on colorectal cancer (CRC) and guide the clinical application of these drugs. ⋯ The preventive effect of allopurinol on CRC was better than that of the other 13 drugs. These results can help doctors and patients understand the preventative effects of these drugs more intuitively and provide an evidence-based basis for the clinical application of these drugs.
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Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease, and its prevalence is increasing. B lymphocytes activated by T cells produce antibodies. CD19+/CD20+ plasma cells may contribute to autoantibody and alloantibody production. Rituximab has been effective in treating MN in many clinical trials. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of rituximab with MN. ⋯ Rituximab is safe and effective in MN and a promising alternative treatment. More randomized control trials and studies on the role of MN are expected.
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Heart failure (HF) is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Aim of the study was to assess the benefits and harms of sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) compared to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) in patients with HF. ⋯ Sacubitril/valsartan had better clinical, intermediate, and renal outcomes in HF in comparison to ACEI or ARB. There was no difference in angioedema and hyperkalaemia events, but there were more hypotension events.