Arch Med Sci
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MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs which are regulators of gene expression and also regulate the genes in heart tissues. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of miRs on the expression level of myosin heavy chain (MHC), which is responsible for regulation of cardiac functions in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and mice. ⋯ The findings of the present study indicated that miR-29a modulates expression of α-the MHC gene by targeting TR-β1 in cardiac cells. The study may provide a new direction for treating cardiac failure and cardiac hypertrophy.
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Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy involves the inhalation of pure oxygen in a pressure chamber under increased ambient pressure. Recent research indicates that circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play important roles in human physiology and pathology. Therefore, the objective of this pilot study was to monitor the impact of HBO2 therapy on the levels of circulating sEVs in the serum of patients with necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTI), aseptic bone necrosis (ABN) or idiopathic sudden sensory neural hearing loss (ISSNHL). ⋯ The increase in the levels of sEVs in ISSNHL may be evidence for both the intended reduction of inflammation as a result of steroid therapy and the inhibitory effect of oxidative stress induced by HBO2 therapy. Thus, sEVs released during HBO2 therapy might play an important biological role in mediating the response to therapy and might be a promising approach to gain further insights into the therapeutic efficacy of HBO2 therapy.
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Smoking increases the risk of various cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease (IHD). This study aimed to assess the impact of age, period, and cohort on long-term trends in IHD mortality in China, India, Indonesia, the United States, and Russia, the five countries with the highest number of smokers, from 1990 to 2019. ⋯ From 1990 to 2019, mortality from IHD caused by smoking showed a downward trend in these five countries. However, the pattern of increased mortality from IHD in women caused by smoking warrants further study.
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Limited data exist on long-term follow-up of severe aortic stenosis (SAS) patients who have undergone transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with a new generation, balloon expandable Myval transcatheter heart valve (THV). Thus, we sought to investigate the performance and 2-year clinical outcome of the Myval THV system based on Valve Academic Research Consortium-3 (VARC-3) criteria. ⋯ In this cohort of patients with SAS, the Myval was found to be safe and effective in up to 2 years of follow-up.
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This study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of gedunin, a natural compound, in a rat model of gastric carcinogenesis induced by MNNG. ⋯ Gedunin demonstrates a U-shaped dose-response, with low doses offering protection and high doses promoting tumor growth.