Bmc Med
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prophylactic NAC promoted hematopoietic reconstitution by improving endothelial cells after haploidentical HSCT: a phase 3, open-label randomized trial.
Poor graft function (PGF) or prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia (PT), which are characterized by pancytopenia or thrombocytopenia, have become serious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Our previous single-arm trial suggests that N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) prophylaxis reduced PGF or PT after allo-HSCT. Therefore, an open-label, randomized, phase 3 trial was performed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of NAC prophylaxis to reduce PGF or PT after allo-HSCT. ⋯ N-Acetyl-L-cysteine prophylaxis can prevent the occurrence of poor hematopoietic function and is well tolerated in haploidentical HSCT. It may offer a potential pathogenesis-oriented therapeutic approach for patients with poor hematopoietic function.
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Ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have been known for decades, but a systematic exploration of how exposure and susceptibility to risk factors may contribute is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of differential exposure and susceptibility between South Asian, Black, and White individuals. ⋯ Adiposity is an important risk factor for CVD regardless of ethnicity. Ethnic inequalities in CVD incidence may be best tackled by targeting interventions according to ethnic differences in risk profiles.
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Increasing age, male sex, and pre-existing comorbidities are associated with lower survival from SARS-CoV-2 infection. The interplay between different comorbidities, age, and sex is not fully understood, and it remains unclear if survival decreases linearly with higher ICU occupancy or if there is a threshold beyond which survival falls. ⋯ Survival after hospitalization with COVID-19 has improved over time, consistent with improved management of severe COVID-19. The decreased survival above 70% national ICU occupancy supports the need to introduce measures for prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the population well before ICUs are full.
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Family history, and genetic and non-genetic risk factors can stratify women according to their individual risk of developing breast cancer. The extent of overlap between these risk predictors is not clear. ⋯ Family history and genetic and non-genetic risk stratification tools have the potential to complement one another to identify women at high risk.
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There is evidence indicating that pesticide exposure is a risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) development. However, the association between pesticide exposure and NHL survival is not well-established. ⋯ Although we found no consistent associations between agricultural pesticide exposure at the neighborhood level and worse survival, these results provide a platform for designing future studies to determine the association between pesticide and NHL.