Bmc Med
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Trial registration aims to address potential bias from selective or non-reporting of findings, and therefore has a vital role in promoting transparency and accountability of clinical research. In this study, we aim to investigate the influence of trial registration on estimated harm effects in randomized controlled trials of medication interventions. ⋯ Medication-related harms may be understated in non-registered trials, and there was no obvious evidence that retrospective registration had a demonstrable benefit in reducing such selective or absent reporting. Prospective registration is highly recommended for future trials.
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A growing body of evidence supports the comorbidity between depression (DEP) and obesity, yet the genetic mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Our study explored the shared genetic architecture and causal associations of DEP with BMI. ⋯ Our study reveals shared genetic basis underpinnings between DEP and BMI, including genetic correlations and common genes. These insights offer novel opportunities and avenues for future research into their comorbidities.
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Adverse pregnancy outcomes have reached epidemic proportions in recent years with serious health ramifications, especially for diverse cancers risk. Therefore, we carried out an umbrella review to systematically evaluate the validity and strength of the data and the extent of potential biases of the established association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and cancers risk in both mother and offspring. ⋯ Although some adverse pregnancy outcomes have clinically promising associations with risk of several cancers in both mother and offspring, it is essential to conduct additional research to solidify the evidence, evaluate causality, and ascertain clinical utility.
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Prognostic models that identify individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at greatest risk of developing kidney failure help clinicians to make decisions and deliver precision medicine. It is recognised that people with CKD usually have multiple long-term health conditions (multimorbidity) and often experience frailty. We undertook a systematic review to evaluate the representation and consideration of multimorbidity and frailty within CKD cohorts used to develop and/or validate prognostic models assessing the risk of kidney failure. ⋯ This review has been registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022347295).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of probiotic and vitamin D co-supplementation on clinical symptoms, mental health, and inflammation in adult patients with migraine headache: a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
Migraine headache is a major public health problem. Routine medications for migraine treatment are not useful in treating all patients and may have some side effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation on clinical characteristics of migraine, daily functioning, mental health outcomes, and serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). ⋯ This trial showed that probiotic and vitamin D co-supplementation for 12 weeks has beneficial effects on migraine headache characteristics. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.