Bmc Med
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Healthy lifestyle factors and combined macrovascular and microvascular events in diabetes patients with high cardiovascular risk: results from ADVANCE.
To explore whether healthy lifestyle factors (HLFs) predict a lower risk of major macrovascular and microvascular events and death in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with a high risk of vascular complications. ⋯ HLFs are associated with lower risks of major macrovascular and microvascular events and lower rates of death in high-risk adults with T2D.
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Review Meta Analysis
Tear-fluid-derived biomarkers of ocular complications in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Early identification and management of sight-threatening ocular complications of diabetes using imaging or molecular biomarkers could help prevent vision loss. However, access to specialized infrastructure and expertise is limited, especially in remote areas of the world. Tear-fluid may offer an easier, non-invasive, and localized screenshot of ocular disease. To the best of our knowledge, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis on tear-fluid-based biomarkers for ocular complications in diabetes. ⋯ Across all biomolecules meta-analyzed in this study, TNF-α and VEGF were identified as the most important biomarkers that could potentially offer a non-invasive tear-fluid-based assessment of progression to ocular complications in diabetes, especially in rural and remote areas where diabetes-related expertise and infrastructure are limited.
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A disco matanga, or "disco funeral," is a celebration of a decedent's life that is culturally important in parts Africa, often involving overnight travel and alcohol consumption. These are known risk factors for HIV, which is prevalent in many areas where disco matanga is practiced. However, the contribution of disco matanga to HIV transmission is not well-understood. We used agent-based network modeling to estimate how disco matanga impacted HIV transmission, and to explore the impact of relevant biomedical, biobehavioral, and structural interventions to reduce HIV risk. ⋯ We conducted the first modeling study, to our knowledge, simulating the interactions between disco matanga, HIV/AIDS, and intervention options. We found that biomedical, biobehavioral, or structural interventions implemented during disco matanga could substantially reduce HIV transmission and mortality in the Nyanza region. Research is needed to understand the feasibility and acceptability of HIV interventions tailored to local cultural practices.
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Multicenter Study
Distinct metabolic perturbations link liver steatosis and incident CVD in lean but not obese PWH.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), potentially driven by shared metabolic mechanisms. Metabolic perturbations associated with MASLD and CVD remain underexplored in people with HIV (PWH). ⋯ Metabolic disturbances linked to liver steatosis and CVD diverge across BMI categories in PWH. Lean PWH, unlike their overweight/obese counterparts, show common metabolic perturbations between MASLD and CVD, particularly involving arachidonic acid metabolism. This suggests that lean PWH with liver steatosis may face a heightened risk of CVD due to shared metabolic pathways, potentially opening avenues for targeted interventions, such as aspirin therapy, to mitigate this risk.