Bmc Med
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Meta Analysis
Effectiveness of geriatric rehabilitation in inpatient and day hospital settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Geriatric rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary intervention that promotes functional recovery in older adults. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of geriatric rehabilitation in inpatient and geriatric day hospital settings. ⋯ PROSPERO: CRD42022345078.
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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a prevalent hepatic condition linked to metabolic alterations. It gradually causes liver damage and potentially progresses to cirrhosis. Despite its significance, research, especially in the pediatric population, is limited, leading to contradictory findings in diagnosis and treatment. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize existing literature on therapeutic interventions for MASLD in children and adolescents. ⋯ We conclude that supplementation and lifestyle changes can effectively impact ALT and AST levels, which can help address liver issues in obese children. However, the evaluation of risk bias, the high heterogeneity, and the bibliometric analysis emphasize the need for more high-quality studies and broader inclusion of diverse child populations to provide better therapeutic recommendations.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effects of different types of intermittent fasting on metabolic outcomes: an umbrella review and network meta-analysis.
Intermittent fasting (IF) holds promise for enhancing metabolic health. However, the optimum IF forms and their superiority over continuous energy restriction (CER) remain unclear due to disconnected findings. ⋯ Overall, all IF forms demonstrate potentials to improve metabolic health, with ADF appearing to produce better outcomes across investigated outcomes. Further high-quality trials are warranted to confirm the (relative) efficacy of IF on metabolic health.
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Epidemiological studies show inconsistent links between hearing/vision impairment and dementia risk. Using multisource data, we investigated how single or combined sensory impairments relate to risks of all-cause and specific types of dementia. ⋯ Our findings showed significant associations between hearing and vision impairments and increased risks of all-cause and cause-specific dementia. Standardized hearing and vision assessment and intervention should be emphasized in dementia prevention strategies.
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Review Meta Analysis
The impact of contextual effects in exercise therapy for low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Low back pain is the leading cause of global disability for which exercise therapy is a widely recommended treatment. Research indicates that contextual factors may also influence treatment outcomes in low back pain. Examples include the patient-therapist relationship and other treatment-related circumstances that affect patient expectations. By focusing on the specific treatment effect, clinical trials often ignore the effect of contextual factors, thereby contributing to the so-called efficacy paradox. This means that treatment effects observed in clinical practice are often greater than those reported in clinical trials. This systematic review aims to investigate the proportion of improvement in pain and disability that can be attributed to contextual effects in the outcome of exercise therapy for patients with low back pain. ⋯ A large extent of pain and disability improvement after exercise therapy in low back pain is attributable to contextual effects although this conclusion is based on low certainty evidence.