Bmc Med
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The role of plant-based dietary patterns in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with prediabetes and diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations of plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and explore potential contributing factors among people with prediabetes and diabetes. ⋯ Adherence to an unhealthy plant-based diet is associated with a higher CVD risk in people with prediabetes or diabetes, which may be partially attributed to low consumption of whole grains, high intake of SSB, and high blood cystatin C levels.
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Inflammation is characterized by a metabolic switch promoting glycolysis and lactate production. Hexokinases (HK) catalyze the first reaction of glycolysis and inhibition of epithelial HK2 protected from colitis in mice. HK2 expression has been described as elevated in patients with intestinal inflammation; however, there is conflicting data from few cohorts especially with severely inflamed individuals; thus, systematic studies linking disease activity with HK2 levels are needed. ⋯ Our findings clearly define dysregulated epithelial HK2 expression as an indicator of disease activity in intestinal inflammation and suggest targeted HK2-inhibition as a potential therapeutic avenue.
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First-episode schizophrenia (FES) is a complex and progressive psychiatric disorder. The etiology of FES involves genetic, environmental, and neurobiological factors. This study investigates the association between alterations in structural-functional (SC-FC) coupling and transcriptional expression in FES. ⋯ These findings offer a new perspective on the complex interplay between SC-FC coupling abnormalities and transcriptional expression in the initial phases of schizophrenia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Reducing rehospitalization in cardiac patients: a randomized, controlled trial of a cardiac care management program ("Cardiolotse") in Germany.
We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled, two-group parallel trial investigating the effectiveness of a care management program employing cardiac care navigators providing post-discharge support to patients compared to standard care. ⋯ This study adds to the body of evidence indicating that care management interventions supporting patients as they transition from the inpatient to the outpatient sector can lower rehospitalizations, decrease length of rehospitalization stays, and improve adherence to post-discharge recommendations.
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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) drive HIV transmission in many sub-Saharan African settings. The impact of screening and treating AUD and MDD on HIV outcomes is unknown. We aimed to identify the cost-effectiveness of AUD and MDD interventions in Zimbabwe, and their potential contribution to reaching Zimbabwe's Ending the HIV Epidemic 2030 goal. ⋯ Implementing AUD and MDD interventions can play an important role in HIV reduction in Zimbabwe, particularly if intervention cost can be decreased while preserving effectiveness.