Bratisl Med J
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The Roma population is a genetically isolated population with a shared origin, totaling between 10 to 14 million individuals worldwide, stemming from a limited number of "genetic founders". Roma individuals exhibit specific hereditary diseases, often stemming from recessive genetic variants due to a higher degree of consanguinity, with recent molecular-genetic investigations shedding light on several conditions prevalent within the Czech Roma population. However, an overview of stomatological issues in diagnosing such diseases proves challenging, leading to frequent underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. ⋯ Our report aimed to provide a systematic review of dental phenotypes which can relate to Czech Roma's rare genetic disorders therapy including dental treatment. Understanding is important for preventing unterdiagnosis or treatment for the patients affected review of observed (Fig. 6, Ref. 27).
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Observational Study
Prevalence of diastasis m. rectus abdominis and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in postpartum women.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles (DRAM) and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction (PFMD) in postpartum women. Design: The observational prospective study. ⋯ The average IRD distance at rest and during the load test confirmed the first grade of DRAM out of four degrees of severity. Moderate and medium DRAM occurred according to location in an average of one-third of the cases. The highest percentage of DRAM was above the navel, and the lowest percentage below the navel. PFMD was detected in an average of one-third of cases. It is important to monitor these parameters with a view to improving the quality of life index in the future (Tab. 5, Ref. 22).
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The aim of this study was to define the values of percutaneous ultrasound shear-wave and strain elastography of the pancreas in healthy volunteers. ⋯ We described normal values for pancreatic stiffness using ultrasound elastography by 2D-SWE and strain elastography. Our results indicate changes in values depending on BMI and depth of the pancreas. (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 19).
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The efficacy of taxane‑containing regimens has been demonstrated for various cancers, particularly ovarian, endometrial, breast, lung, and prostate cancers. However, extensive taxane-induced toxicities limit their use. Prediction and management of many toxic complications in cancer patients have evolved significantly over the last decade. ⋯ In the past few years, several polymorphisms of candidate genes with a possible role in the development of this consequence were studied. This minireview aims to highlight the critical yet underappreciated roles of genetic predictors that may increase susceptibility to taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in cancer patients (Ref. 40). Keywords: taxanes, paclitaxel, docetaxel, peripheral neuropathy, risk factors, genetic polymorphisms.
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This study examines triage judgments in emergency settings and compares the outcomes of artificial intelligence models for healthcare professionals. It discusses the disparities in precision rates between subjective evaluations by health professionals with objective assessments of AI systems. ⋯ The study consisted of 86 healthcare professionals, comprising 31 Emergency medicine residents (26.5%), 1 paramedic (0.9%), 5 emergency health technicians (4.3%), and 80 nurses (68.4%). Google Bard AI and OpenAI Chat GPT v.3.5 were used as artificial intelligence systems. The responses compared with the answer key to determine each groups efficacy. As planned the responses from healthcare professionals were analyzed individually for acuity level of scenarios. Emergency medicine residents and other groups of healthcare providers had significantly higher numbers of correct answers compared to Google Bard and Chat GPT (n=30.7 vs n=25.5). There was no significant difference between ChatGPT and Bard for low and high acuity scenarios (p=0.821)CONCLUSION: AI models can examine extensive data sets and make more accurate and quicker triage judgments with sophisticated algorithms. However, in this study, we found that the triage ability of artificial intelligence is not as sufficient as humans. A more efficient triage system can be developed by integrating artificial intelligence with human input, rather than solely relying on technology (Tab. 4, Ref. 41). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: emergency triage, AI applications, health technology, artificial intelligence, emergency management.