Brit J Hosp Med
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Aims/Background Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood. If left untreated, hyperuricemia can progress to gout, which manifests as acute arthritic attacks, and may also lead to uric acid nephrolithiasis and other renal conditions. This widespread condition poses significant risks to human health and quality of life. ⋯ No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion The combination of benzbromarone and sodium bicarbonate tablets is highly effective in treating gout associated with hyperuricemia. This treatment not only reduces uric acid levels and the number of tophi but also enhances renal function, alleviates pain, and improves the overall quality of life for patients.
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Aims/Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common and aggressive form of kidney cancer, where early diagnosis is crucial for improving prognosis and treatment outcomes. Radiomics, which utilizes machine learning techniques, presents a promising approach in medical imaging for the early detection and characterization of such conditions. This study aims to explore the clinical utility of a machine-learning-based radiomics model in the early diagnosis of ccRCC. ⋯ When clinical data were combined with radiomics features in the model, the area under the curve (AUC) reached 0.969, with an optimal threshold of -2.290, and sensitivity and specificity values of 89.3% and 95.2%, respectively. The calibration curve also confirmed that the logistic regression model had high calibration accuracy and greater clinical application value. Conclusion This machine-learning-based radiomics prediction model demonstrated significant value in the early diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
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Aims/Background Few hearing loss studies have been conducted in patients with progeria, and only the possibility of low-frequency conductive hearing loss has been mentioned. The primary objective of this study is to perform a comprehensive analysis of the clinical audiological characteristics of children with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), and the secondary objective is to analyse the causes of their hearing loss and what can be done to enable them to hear as well as possible. Methods Ten children with HGPS underwent impedance audiometry (tympanogram), otoacoustic emissions, and pure-tone audiometry tests. ⋯ Otoscopic examination of those patients with abnormal hearing showed a narrowing of the external auditory canal, a thinning of the tympanic membrane, and a distorted cone of light. Further, computed tomography of one patient showed a poorly defined temporal bone morphology with scant pneumatization of the mastoid process. Conclusion Patients with HGPS differ from normally aging individuals with a predominant conductive pattern of hearing loss as opposed to sensorineural deafness, with more lower-frequency hearing impairment due to poor pneumatization of the mastoid process and the possible formation of osteophytes in the temporal bone.
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Aims/Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common clinical disorder in pregnant women. Inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress play an important role in the occurrence and development of FGR. The purpose of this study was to explore the expression and significance of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory response indicators in the serum of pregnant women with FGR. ⋯ Conclusion The serum levels of inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in pregnant women with FGR were abnormally elevated, indicating severe inflammatory response. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum stress was observed in pregnant women with FGR, marked by significantly elevated levels of GRP78 and CHOP. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, GRP78 and CHOP were negatively correlated with fetal head circumference, abdominal circumference and fetal growth and development index, implying their impacts on the occurrence and development of FGR.
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Aims/Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and its impact on neonatal birth outcomes. Methods A total of 2010 cases of mothers with GDM who underwent routine prenatal examinations and delivered at The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang from June 2021 to April 2022, and their newborns were selected as the GDM group. For comparison, 2087 cases of mothers with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and their newborns during the same period were selected as the NGT group. ⋯ Conclusion The risk factors for GDM include advanced maternal age, being underweight, overweight, or obese prior to pregnancy, irregular eating habits, dietary nutritional deficiencies, and lack of prenatal exercise. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes is higher in GDM patients compared to those without GDM. Poor glycemic control during pregnancy and higher pre-pregnancy BMI are significant factors that contribute to negative outcomes for both GDM patients and their newborns.