Brit J Hosp Med
-
Laryngeal and airway surgery continues to see innovation and advances, similar to other specialties of modern medicine. Research in this field has led to a greater understanding of conditions resulting in new terminology, diagnoses and change in management. This article looks at advances in laryngeal and upper airway surgery and discusses their ongoing impact on clinical practice.
-
The incidence of periprosthetic femoral fractures is rising in the UK, because of an ageing population and an increasing number of hip arthroplasty operations being performed. They can occur intra- or postoperatively, and usually follow low energy trauma. ⋯ Their management usually is dependent on their classification, with type A (fracture at level of greater or lesser trochanter) managed non-operatively with protected weight bearing, type B (fracture adjacent to implant) managed with either open reduction internal fixation or revision surgery, and type C (fracture distal to implant) managed with open reduction internal fixation. Owing to their complexity, these patients must be adequately optimised before surgery and appropriately rehabilitated.
-
Knee pain encompasses a wide array of differential diagnoses and can often pose a diagnostic challenge, as it can have traumatic or non-traumatic causes. A good clinical history, assessment and anatomical knowledge gives a strong foundation to narrow down the diagnosis, and understanding the correct imaging modality and findings further informs correct and timely management. This article reviews various disease processes including fractures, inflammatory, infective and neoplastic causes, and discusses the assessment and various imaging modalities to aid diagnosis in both primary and secondary care.