Clin Med
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Up to 5% of young adults diagnosed with diabetes have a monogenic aetiology, the most common of which is maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). A definitive molecular diagnosis is important, as this affects treatment, prognosis and family screening. ⋯ This article aims to introduce general physicians to the characteristics of monogenic diabetes and the clinical features that can be used to diagnose patients. Recently, genomewide association studies have resulted in the identification of C-reactive protein and glycan profile as specific biomarkers for the most common MODY subtype due to HNF1A mutations, and the potential translation of these findings are discussed.
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Gastrointestinal (GI) conditions are common in women of childbearing age. They often present before pregnancy but can arise de novo during pregnancy. ⋯ In this article, we summarise the clinical features, investigation and management of common GI and liver conditions that are incidental to pregnancy, and describe the specific features of pregnancy-related disorders that are less frequently encountered by general physicians. Newer developments in areas that are increasingly encountered in obstetric medical practice, including pregnancy after bariatric procedures, are also described.