Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Oct 2007
Review Meta AnalysisNutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge.
Preterm infants are often growth-restricted at hospital discharge. Feeding infants after hospital discharge with nutrient-enriched formula rather than standard term formula might facilitate "catch-up" growth and improve development. ⋯ The available data do not provide strong evidence that feeding preterm infants following hospital discharge with nutrient-enriched formula compared with standard term formula affects growth rates or development up to 18 months post-term.
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Trials have assessed bile acids for patients with viral hepatitis, but no consensus has been reached regarding their usefulness. ⋯ Bile acids lead to a significant improvement in serum transaminase activities in hepatitis B and C but have no effects on the clearance of virus. There is insufficient evidence either to support or to refute effects on long-term outcomes including hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic decompensation, and liver related mortality. Randomised trials with high methodological quality are required before clinical use is considered.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Oct 2007
ReviewIndigenous healthcare worker involvement for Indigenous adults and children with asthma.
Asthma education is regarded as an important step in the management of asthma in national guidelines. Racial and socio-economic factors are associated with markers of asthma severity, including recurrent acute presentations to emergency health facilities. Worldwide, indigenous groups are disproportionately represented in the severe end of the asthma spectrum. Appropriate models of care are important in the successful delivery of services, and are likely contributors to improved outcomes for people with asthma. ⋯ The involvement of IHW in asthma programs targeted for their own ethnic group in one small trial was beneficial for some but not all asthma outcomes. Thus there is insufficient data to be confident that the involvement of IHW is beneficial in all settings. Nevertheless, given the complexity of health outcomes and culture as well as the importance of self-determination for indigenous peoples, the practice of including IHW in asthma education programs for indigenous children and adults with asthma is justified, but should be subject to further randomised controlled trials.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Oct 2007
Review Meta AnalysisOral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy for cystic fibrosis.
Progressive lung damage causes the majority of deaths in cystic fibrosis (CF). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may prevent progressive pulmonary deterioration and morbidity in CF. ⋯ High-dose ibuprofen can slow the progression of lung disease in people with CF, especially in children, and this suggests that strategies to modulate lung inflammation can be beneficial for people with CF.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Oct 2007
Review Meta AnalysisSemen preparation techniques for intrauterine insemination.
Semen preparation techniques for assisted reproduction, including intrauterine insemination (IUI), were developed to separate the motile morphological normal spermatozoa. Leucocytes, bacteria and dead spermatozoa produce oxygen radicals that negatively influence the ability to fertilize the egg. The yield of as many motile, morphologically normal spermatozoa as possible might influence treatment choices and therefore outcomes. ⋯ There is insufficient evidence to recommend any specific preparation technique. Large high quality randomised controlled trials, comparing the effectiveness of a gradient and/ or a swim-up and/ or wash and centrifugation technique on clinical outcome are lacking. Further randomised trials are warranted.