Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisCombined psychotherapy plus antidepressants for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia.
Panic disorder can be treated with pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy or in combination, but the relative merits of combined therapy have not been well established. ⋯ Either combined therapy or psychotherapy alone may be chosen as first line treatment for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, depending on patient preference.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisProphylactic postnatal thyroid hormones for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants.
Observational studies have shown an association between transiently low thyroid hormone levels in preterm infants in the first weeks of life (transient hypothyroxinaemia) and abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome. Thyroid hormone replacement might prevent this. ⋯ This review does not support the use of prophylactic thyroid hormones in preterm infants to reduce neonatal mortality, neonatal morbidity or improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. An adequately powered clinical trial of thyroid hormone supplementation with the goal of preventing the postnatal nadir of thyroid hormone levels seen in very preterm infants is required.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisExercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients.
A high incidence of functional decline (deterioration in physical or cognitive function) during hospitalisation of older adults is reported. The role of exercise in preventing these deconditioning effects is unclear. ⋯ There is 'silver' level evidence (www.cochranemsk.org) that multidisciplinary intervention that includes exercise may increase the proportion of patients discharged to home and reduce length and cost of hospital stay for acutely hospitalised older medical patients.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisBile acids for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a condition characterised by fatty deposition in the hepatocytes of patients in patients with minimal or no alcohol intake. Some patients develop non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Bile acids may potentially protect cellular structures and may be of benefit in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver or steatohepatitis. ⋯ Presently, there are insufficient data to support or refute the use of ursodeoxycholic acid for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver or steatohepatitis. It may be advisable to carry out large randomised clinical trials on this topic.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisFamily-based programmes for preventing smoking by children and adolescents.
There is evidence that children's decisions to smoke are influenced by family and friends. ⋯ Some well-executed RCTs show family interventions may prevent adolescent smoking, but RCTs which were less well executed had mostly neutral or negative results. There is thus a need for well-designed and executed RCTs in this area.