Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisTopical cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene replacement for cystic fibrosis-related lung disease.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a defective gene encoding a protein called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and is characterised by chronic lung infection resulting in inflammation and progressive lung damage that results in a reduced life expectancy. ⋯ There is currently no evidence to support the use of CFTR gene transfer reagents as a treatment for lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis. Future studies need to investigate clinically important outcome measures.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisHome-based support for disadvantaged teenage mothers.
Babies born to socio-economically disadvantaged mothers are at higher risk of injury, abuse or neglect and health problems than babies born to more affluent mothers; disadvantaged teenage mothers are at particular risk of adverse outcomes. Home-visiting programs are thought to improve outcomes for both mothers and children, largely through advice and support. ⋯ This review suggests there is only limited evidence that home-visiting programmes of the kind described in this review can impact positively on the quality of parenting of teenage mothers or on child development outcomes for their offspring. For reasons discussed in the review, this does not amount to a conclusion that home-visiting programmes are ineffective but indicates a need to think carefully about the problems that home visiting might influence and about improvements in the conduct and reporting of outcome studies in this area.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisSingle dose oral lumiracoxib for postoperative pain.
Lumiracoxib is a novel selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. COX-2 inhibitors have been developed to avoid COX-1 related gastrointestinal (GI) problems. Lumiracoxib has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity comparable with traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tNSAIDs) in the management of post-operative pain, but with the advantage of better GI tolerability. ⋯ Lumiracoxib 400 mg given as a single oral dose, is an effective analgesic for acute postoperative pain.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2007
Review Meta AnalysisIntra-uterine insemination for male subfertility.
Intra-uterine insemination (IUI) is one of the most frequently used fertility treatments for couples with male subfertility. Its use, especially when combined with ovarian hyperstimulation (OH) has been subject of discussion. Although the treatment itself is less invasive and expensive than others, its efficacy has not been proven. Furthermore, the adverse effects of OH such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS ) and multiple pregnancy are a concern. ⋯ There was insufficient evidence of effectiveness to recommend or advise against IUI with or without OH above TI, or vice versa. Large, high quality randomised controlled trials, comparing IUI with or without OH with pregnancy rate per couple as the main outcome of interest are lacking. There is a need for such trials since firm conclusions cannot be drawn yet.
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Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) may be a means to temporarily reverse or slow the progression of respiratory failure in cystic fibrosis (CF). ⋯ Non-invasive ventilation may be a useful adjunct to other airway clearance techniques, particularly in people with CF who have difficulty expectorating sputum. Non-invasive ventilation, when used in addition to oxygen, may improve gas exchange during sleep to a greater extent than oxygen therapy alone in moderate to severe disease. These benefits of NIV have largely been demonstrated in single treatment sessions with small numbers of participants. The impact of this therapy on pulmonary exacerbations and disease progression remain unclear. There is a need for long-term randomised controlled trials which are adequately powered to determine the clinical effects of non-invasive ventilation in CF airway clearance and exercise.