Cochrane Db Syst Rev
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2008
ReviewWhole grain foods for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Diet as one aspect of lifestyle is thought to be one of the modifiable risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Information is needed as to which components of the diet could be protective for this disease. ⋯ The evidence from only prospective cohort trials is considered to be too weak to be able to draw a definite conclusion about the preventive effect of whole grain foods on the development of T2DM. Properly designed long-term randomised controlled trials are needed. To facilitate this, further mechanistic research should focus on finding a set of relevant intermediate endpoints for T2DM and on identifying genetic subgroups of the population at risk that are most susceptible to dietary intervention.
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2008
ReviewWITHDRAWN: Home-based support for disadvantaged adult mothers.
Babies born to socio-economically disadvantaged mothers are at higher risk of a range of problems in infancy. Home visiting programs are thought to improve outcomes, both for mothers and children, largely through advice and support. ⋯ This review suggests that for disadvantaged adult women and their children, there is currently no evidence to support the adoption of home visiting as a means of improving maternal psychosocial health, parenting or outcomes for children. For reasons discussed in the review, this does not amount to a conclusion that home visiting programmes are ineffective, but indicates a need to think carefully about the problems that home visiting might influence, and improvements in the conduct of outcome studies in this area.
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2008
ReviewAtypical antipsychotics for people with both schizophrenia and depression.
Many people (up to 50%) with schizophrenia also have co-morbid depression. It has been suggested that new atypical antipsychotic drugs are beneficial for people with the two diagnoses. ⋯ There are too few data to guide patients, carers, clinicians or policy makers. Current practice has to be guided by evidence other than that derived from randomised trials and more trials in this important area are indicated.
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2008
ReviewWITHDRAWN: Mefloquine for preventing malaria in non-immune adult travellers.
Mefloquine is commonly prescribed to prevent malaria in travellers, and has replaced other drugs because Plasmodium falciparum is commonly resistant to them. However, mefloquine may be associated with neuropsychiatric harmful effects. ⋯ Mefloquine prevents malaria, but has adverse effects that limit its acceptability . There is evidence from non-randomised studies that mefloquine has potentially harmful effects in tourists and business travellers, and its use needs to be carefully balanced against this. Trials of comparative effects of antimalarial prophylaxis should include episodes of malaria and withdrawal from prophylaxis as outcomes.
-
The integration of smart home technology to support health and social care is acquiring an increasing global significance. Provision is framed within the context of a rapidly changing population profile, which is impacting on the number of people requiring health and social care, workforce availability and the funding of healthcare systems. ⋯ This review highlights the current lack of empirical evidence to support or refute the use of smart home technologies within health and social care, which is significant for practitioners and healthcare consumers.