Cochrane Db Syst Rev
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Dec 2024
Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in people receiving cancer treatment: photobiomodulation.
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of photobiomodulation for the prevention of oral mucositis in people undergoing treatment for head and neck cancers, other solid cancers, and haematological cancers.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Dec 2024
Review Meta AnalysisInterventions to prevent surgical site infection in adults undergoing cardiac surgery.
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common type of hospital-acquired infection and affects up to a third of patients following surgical procedures. It is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. In the United Kingdom alone, it is estimated to add another £30 million to the cost of adult cardiac surgery. Although generic guidance for SSI prevention exists, this is not specific to adult cardiac surgery. Furthermore, many of the risk factors for SSI are prevalent within the cardiac surgery population. Despite this, there is currently no standard of care for SSI prevention in adults undergoing cardiac surgery throughout the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative periods of care, with variations in practice existing throughout from risk stratification, decontamination strategies and surveillance. ⋯ This review provides the broadest and most recent review of the current evidence base for interventions to reduce SSI in adults undergoing cardiac surgery. Twenty-one interventions were identified across the perioperative period. Evidence is of low to very low certainty primarily due to significant heterogeneity in how interventions were implemented and the definitions of SSI used. Knowledge gaps have been identified across a number of practices that should represent key areas for future research. Efforts to standardise SSI outcome reporting are warranted.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Dec 2024
Review Meta AnalysisChemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy plus radiotherapy for adults with early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma in adults is commonly treated with combined modality treatment of chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. The role of radiotherapy has been questioned due to potential long-term adverse effects. ⋯ The chemotherapy regimens in the trials differed and data for regimens commonly used today were limited. Additional radiotherapy may slightly improve progression-free survival. The available data for overall survival and adverse events were of low and very low certainty, and we were unable to draw conclusions about the effects of additional radiotherapy on these outcomes. No studies evaluated infertility. High-quality, longer-term follow-up data are required and data on fertility are needed.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Nov 2024
Continuation versus discontinuation of intravenous oxytocin in the active phase of labour.
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of discontinuing intravenous oxytocin stimulation in pregnant women during the active phase of induced or augmented labour.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Nov 2024
Molecular biomarkers for predicting complete response to preoperative chemoradiation in people with locally advanced rectal cancer.
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (prognosis). The objectives are as follows: Primary objectives To identify and estimate the prognostic value of molecular biomarkers as predictors of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in people with locally advanced rectal cancer. summarises the review question in population, index prognostic factor, comparator prognostic factor(s), outcome, timing, and setting (PICOTS) format. [Table: see text] [Figure: see text] Secondary objectives To explore the following biomarker measurement, treatment, and study design factors as possible sources of heterogeneity in the association between the prognostic factor and pathological response: type of assay/measurement method, biomarker positivity criteria or cut-off point, chemotherapy regimen, and radiotherapy regimen.