J Formos Med Assoc
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PD-L1 is associated with poor efficacy of first- or second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in untreated EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Whether PD-L1 is also predictive of osimertinib efficacy in pre-treated patients with an acquired EGFR T790 M mutation is unclear. ⋯ PD-L1 expression in pre-treated EGFR T790 M + lung adenocarcinoma is not predictive of osimertinib efficacy, as demonstrated by in vitro, xenograft, and clinical case studies.
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The Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (TCDC) initiated longitudinal sero-epidemiological surveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) targeting poultry workers exposed on affected farms since 2021. Convalescent-phase serum samples were collected from these workers 21-28 days post-outbreak identification. TCDC recontacted participants in subsequent years for repeat serological sampling. ⋯ HI titers against AIV A/H5 2.3.4.4c remained low from 2021 to 2023. For AIV A/H5 2.3.4.4b, HI titer remained low from 2021 to 2022 but increased in more than half of the participants (60%, 72/120) in 2023. This change parallels the increasing AIV A/H5 2.3.4.4b burden indicated by increased outbreaks and warrants continuous monitoring.