Pak J Med Sci
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To compare mean homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ COPD is one of the chronic debilitating diseases in our region with various extra-pulmonary complications. We found IR to be present higher in COPD patients compared with healthy controls. Evaluating the pulmonary function as well as systemic metabolic parameters, may contribute to minimizing mortality and morbidity.
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To evaluate the feasibility of using Arabic Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess depression and anxiety among patients attending accident and emergency (A & E) at a University Hospital setting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ⋯ In the A & E setting at University Hospital in Saudi Arabia, comorbid depression and anxiety is not uncommon as enumerated by using HADS. The identified cases could then be sent for appropriate psychiatric treatment promptly not only to improve quality of individual care but also to reduce the overall health care costs in local context.