Pak J Med Sci
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To determine the frequency of diabetes in pregnancy (DIP), namely pre-gestational, gestational (GDM) and overt diabetes mellitus (DM) in women registered for delivery. ⋯ We observed a high proportion of overt DM. In early registrants, almost one third of DIP was diagnosed in the first half of pregnancy, an opportunity missed in late registrants. Altering diagnostic thresholds of DIP affected only a small proportion of women.
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To investigate the effects of maternal preeclampsia on inflammatory cytokines and neonatal outcomes in premature infants. ⋯ Maternal preeclampsia leads to an increase at the neonatal morbidities in premature infants without causing a significant alteration at the cytokine levels in cord blood.
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Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death, and the leading cause from a single infectious agent. Pakistan has an overwhelming burden of TB and it is a major health hazard for the majority of the rural population. The lung continues to be the most common site of involvement and even after completion of treatment residual changes remain which may affect quality of life. ⋯ Post TB sequelae can be categorized into parenchymal, airway disease, pleural/chest wall, vascular and mediastinal. These residual changes can be minor however, some can be debilitating and even fatal. The purpose of this pictorial review is to show the spectrum of residual changes seen on chest radiography and/or computed tomography that persist after treatment completion and bacteriological cure.
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The advantages of laparoscopic surgery used in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy is well-known; however, the efficacy of uterine manipulators remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of uterine manipulators in the laparoscopic treatment of ectopic pregnancy. ⋯ We concluded that not using a uterine manipulator in laparoscopic procedures for ectopic pregnancy did not increase operative complications and that operation time was higher in procedures using uterine manipulators.
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To determine the role of variants in BRCA1 gene in breast cancer development, women of Pakistani origin, diagnosed with breast cancer, were screened for variants in the BRCA1. ⋯ The present investigation showed that variations in BRCA1 made substantial contribution in causing hereditary/early-onset breast cancer in Pakistani women.