Pak J Med Sci
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Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis, which increase with age, are two common diseases with different complications. The risk of fractures due to osteoporosis is 2 to 6 times higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Medications used in the treatment of DM in addition to the disease itself are associated with the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. This study was planned to examine the effects of pioglitazone and dapagliflozin, used in the treatment of T2DM, on the development of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. ⋯ Our study revealed that pioglitazone and dapagliflozin can be used in postmenopausal T2DM individuals without known osteoporosis and other osteoporosis risk factors.
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There are many cases of post-vaccination COVID-19 globally. Also, literature on serum antibodies after vaccination is abundant. Our research focuses on breakthrough infections reported at our institution during the third wave of COVID-19. ⋯ Vaccination does not prevent disease but does confer some immunity causing less severe infection.
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To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of different imaging modalities in patients with partial biliary obstruction with no obvious aetiology on initial imaging. ⋯ EUS is superior to MRCP in terms of diagnostic accuracy as minimally invasive diagnostic tool and EUS superiority is particularly relevant in patients with intermediate risk of choledocholithiasis.
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VH (Vocal health) is the need of the hour. VH of parents of children with hearing assistive devices (HAD) reveals a literature gap, during the habilitation process of their children. To explore the vocal health of parents of children with hearing assistive devices. ⋯ Current study concludes that the parents raising hearing impaired children with hearing assistive devices, possess good vocal health as determined by VHI and V-RQOL scores with only a very small number of parents reporting vocal symptoms.
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Genodermatoses are quite frequent in developing countries where consanguinity is common but are usually under reported and undiagnosed. Main reason being lack of accessibility to tertiary health care facilities for people of rural areas as evident in case below. ⋯ Reporting the case of two first cousins who presented with intensely pruritic skin lesions since infancy along with the history of siblings with skin problems. EBP provided a unifying diagnosis.