Pak J Med Sci
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The study aimed to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of ethical leadership questionnaire (ELQ) by using a healthcare professional sample in Saudi Arabia. ⋯ The ELQ is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used on this population to determine employees' perceptions of their leaders' ethical behavior.
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To investigate and compare the median nerve-cross sectional area at the wrist region of the dominant and non-dominant hands of high- and low- smartphone users. ⋯ Smartphone overuse resulted in an enlarged median nerve, especially in the dominant hand.
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This study examined the potential link between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (PPBMI) with neonatal outcomes in twin pregnancies. ⋯ Low PPBMI increases the risk of delivering LBW twins, independent of other factors. Our findings emphasize the importance of pre-pregnancy nutritional status in optimizing neonatal outcomes in twin deliveries.
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To determine the relationship between sleep pattern dysfunction with stress, anxiety and depression among pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital. ⋯ During pregnancy, sleep disturbances were related to the increased risk of developing psychiatric illnesses. It was found that women with disturbed sleep patterns had high rates of antepartum depression followed by stress and anxiety as compared to women without disturbed sleep patterns.
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To assess and compare efficacy of 4-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (4D-HyCoSy) and X-ray hysterosalpingography (HSG) for fallopian tube examination. ⋯ While both 4D-HyCoSy and HSG have high efficacy in fallopian tube examination, and are similarly accurate in evaluating tubal blockage, 4D-HyCoSy is associated with lower incidence of pain, and reduced rate of adverse reactions.