Pak J Med Sci
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To investigate the safety and efficacy of Micro-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (Micro-PCNL) combined with flexible ureteroscopic lithotomy (FURL) in the treatment of 1-2 cm symptomatic, refractory lower calyceal stones. ⋯ Micro-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (Micro-PCNL) combined with FURL is safe and effective in the treatment of 1-2 cm symptomatic, refractory lower calyceal stones.
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Beta-thalassemia major (β-Thal) and compound heterozygote of Sickle β-thalassemia (S-β Thal) are hereditary autosomal recessive disorders resulting from mutations or deletion in β-globin gene cluster. Patients with increased HbF levels having polymorphism at BCL11A site loci have shown clinical significance. The present study aimed to assess the frequency of BCL11A gene polymorphism in a study population of β-Thal, S-β Thal & Controls using Sanger sequencing leading to plot the HbF response of polymorphism with reference to wild type. ⋯ The patient groups of SCD and Beta thalassemia are devoid of wild type status. The wild type status of BCL11A is 57% even in control population. Higher level of HbF in B-thalassemia and SCD and B Thalassemia is a cost-effective screening marker before switching to an expensive genotyping testing.
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To investigate the analgesic effect of thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy under general anesthesia (GA). ⋯ TPVB combined with GA can improve the analgesic effect, improve MAP and HR during the operation, and reduce the incidence of adverse events in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy.
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To compare open and laparoscopic outcomes of adult Type-I congenital choledochal cysts. ⋯ Laparoscopic cyst resection combined with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is associated with lower extent of trauma, faster recovery, less inflammation, and fewer complications than open surgery in adult patients with Type-I congenital choledochal cysts.
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"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in three core behavioral: social deficits, impaired communication, and repetitive behaviors." There is developing indication and emerging data that irregular autoimmune responses to the central nervous system may play a pathogenic role in patients with autism spectrum disorder." The aim of this review was to discuss the updated research carried out at Autism research and treatment center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia particularly on the role of autoimmunity in Autism spectrum disorder. This review also present state of information available about the role of autoimmunity biomarkers involved in the neuronal damage of central nervous system in autistic children. The systematic literature search was carried out using Google Scholar, Science direct and PubMed databases on the role of autoimmunity in autism and reviewed all relevant articles published in peer reviewed journals by Autism research and treatment center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia till April, 2022. ⋯ Significant change in blood markers in subjects with ASD may resulted in several years of decreased neutrotrophic support along with increasing impairment in relationship with down-regulated inflammation that may play a role in the ASD. Overall, the role of autoimmunity in ASD subjects with excess of anti-brain antibodies suggest that in some patients, autoantibodies that target the CNS may be pathological factor in neuronal growth in autistic children. Large cohort studies with well-defined and specially pheno typed autistic groups and matched healthy controls are required to examine the role of autoantibodies in the pathology of subjects with ASD.