Pak J Med Sci
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To explore the Barriers and Priorities accorded to neo-natal hearing screening at government health policy level. ⋯ The barriers to NHS are lack of financial resource allocation by the federal government, and lack of research and reliable statistics about Hearing Impairment (HI) and its economic cost.
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To determine the outcome of early use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in Pakistani patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ⋯ There was remarkable improvement in the arterial blood gases after NIPPV. However, the high mortality rate and significant number of COPD patients requiring mechanical ventilation necessitates further investigation into our population.
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Although Spinal anesthesia is the most common and safe anesthetic method for patients undergoing cesarean section, difficult access to it is a frequent problem in operating theaters. The predictive factors for the difficulty of spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing cesarean section were investigated. ⋯ Increasing age, weight, body mass index, reducing the ability to bend the waist, the non-touching of the spinous process and interstitial space causes the difficulty of performing spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing cesarean section. The results can contribute to determining and designing a spinal blockade scoring system based on the patient's characteristics and effective factors before the surgery, to facilitate the technique by anesthesiologist.
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in developing countries like Pakistan. Pentavalent antimonials are still drug of choice, despite being toxic and intolerable for patients. Second line treatments have been extensively studied but the results of their efficacy are conflicting. This, to our knowledge, will be the first study in this regard. Our objective was to determine if combination of oral itraconazole with intralesional (IL) meglumine antimoniate (MA) reduces the duration of treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis, as compared to intralesional MA alone. ⋯ Combination of oral itraconazole with intralesional MA offered no benefit over intralesional MA alone in the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis in terms of duration of therapy.
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To determine the frequency of urinary tract infections and antibiotic sensitivity among patients with diabetes. ⋯ We observed the higher frequency of UTIs in female as compared to male participants due to poor hygiene. E.coli was the most frequent pathogen responsible for UTI in patients with diabetes, followed by Staphylococcus aureus.