Pak J Med Sci
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MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is one of the oncogenic miRNAs which may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ⋯ MiR-21 is a helpful biomarker for early diagnosis of HCC. Nevertheless, the results of the test must be interpreted carefully in the context of medical history, erological tests and imaging examinations for HCC surveillance.
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The objective of the study was to determine whether anticipated number of person with disabilities was employed in different government departments of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. ⋯ It is concluded that a small number of person with disabilities are employed in different Govt. Departments. Moreover, these departments has not ensured providing 2% job quota for person with disabilities.
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To compare clinical effects of thoracoscopic surgery and thoracotomy in the treatment of thoracic trauma. ⋯ Thoracoscopic surgery can reduce pains of patients, speed up recovery, and reduce incidence of surgical infection in the treatment of thoracic trauma. It is a safe and effective treatment method, which is worth clinical application.
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Pakistan faces a number of challenges in medical education. While there is an increase in the number of medical schools across the country, there is a dearth of practicing doctors in rural areas as well as a shortage of specialists in various fields specially in surgical specialties. Similarly, the number of doctors migrating overseas is also increasing due to security concerns. This requires investigation of the factors that influence career intentions of medical graduates in Pakistan. As there is no validated instrument available within Pakistani context, this qualitative study was designed to examine medical graduates' reasons for their career intentions in light of Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). ⋯ The analysis of data from the focus groups confirms the theoretical framework and identifies a range of influencing factors, at different stages of education and practice. As the study was limited to a smaller number of graduates and all except one graduate wanted to continue practice, a larger sample may be required for the purpose of generalization of the findings reported in this study.
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Besides known risk scoring systems, studies have recently been conducted in relation to NLR to estimate the prognosis of HL. Some studies found a relationship of NLR with PFS and OS. Our objective was to investigate whether NLR, as an inexpensive and easily accessible test, is a prognostic marker for cHL, as in several previous studies. ⋯ High NLR values were found to be significantly related to disease stage, early-stage risk scoring and response to the treatment. These findings need to be supported by prospective studies with larger samples for these data to be used prognostic scores.