Pak J Med Sci
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We aimed to detect whether maternal serum free β-hCG and PAPP-A levels and NT measurements vary between normal pregnancies and those that subsequently develop pre-eclampsia and to evaluate the role of these screening serum analytes in the prediction of pre-eclampsia. ⋯ Measuring PAPP-A in the first trimester may be useful in the prediction of pre-eclampsia.
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To find the Knowledge Attitude and Practice regarding Folic Acid Deficiency among Women of Child Bearing Age (WPCBA). To find out the Association of Education Level with Practice of Folic Acid in WPCBA. ⋯ Knowledge regarding folic acid deficiency among WOCBA was low along with the poor attitude. Practice was also not satisfactory. Education status plays important role in preventing micronutrient deficiency.
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To find out prescription patterns of general practitioners in Peshawar. ⋯ We observed a high number of average drugs per prescription mostly using brand names, and over-prescription of analgesics, antimicrobials, multivitamins and anti-ulcer drugs. Quality of written prescriptions was poor in terms of completeness.
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Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of otomycosis, the clinical presentation, predisposing factors and treatment outcomes. ⋯ Otomycosisis commonly presented with decreased hearing, pruritis, otalgia & otorrhoea. It usually resolves with local toilet of ear and instillation of antifungal agents. Eradication of disease is difficult in presence of a mastoid cavity and metabolic diseases like diabetes mellitus.
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During the on-pump coronary artery bypass grafts surgery, ischemia/reperfusion injury would happen. Ischemia preconditioning could increase the tolerance against subsequent ischemia and reduce the ischemia/reperfusion injury. However the clinical outcomes of the available trials were different. Methods : We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2013), the Medline/PubMed and CNKI in March 2013. RevMan 5.1.6 and GRADEprofiler 3.6 were used for statistical analysis and evidence quality assessment. Heterogeneity was evaluated with significance set at P≤0.10. ⋯ Eighteen randomized controlled trials were included. There were no differences on in-hospital mortality, postoperative myocardial infarction morbidity between ischemia preconditioning and control groups. The heterogeneity of creatine kinase-MB level 24 hours after surgery was obvious. The differences of 72 hours area under the curve of cardiac troponin T (mean differences of -14.50, 95% confidence interval of -21.71 to -7.28) and troponin I (mean differences -181.79, 95% confidence interval of -270.07 to -93.52) after surgery were observed. Conclusion s : All the 18 trails, the positive and the negative results were equal. The meta-analysis results should be interpreted with caution due to limited effective data. Because of high cost-effectiveness, ischemia preconditioning could not be denied completely. Large-scale randomized studies are needed, with the operation procedures and included criteria being more specific.