Terapevt Arkh
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Historical Article
[Pages from the history of therapeutic schools of the Central Institute for Improvement of Doctors - Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education].
In the 1930s, therapeutic scientific and pedagogical schools were formed at the Central Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians: Cardiology School of prof. Dmitry D. Pletnev, School of Clinical Hematology and Emergency Care of prof. ⋯ M. S. Vovsi is one of the creators of modern military field therapy, expanded the understanding of the pathogenesis of nephritis, pneumonia, coronary heart disease, hypertension, heart failure, he introduced new methods for diagnosing and treating these therapeutic pathologies that have not lost their relevance today.
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The article summarizes the current experience of the nuclear medicine department of the Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology in the implementation of myocardium scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate with the differential diagnosis of the types of cardiac amyloidosis. Causes of false-positive, equivocal and non-diagnostic results, are analyzed. Possible ways to eliminate mistakes, including by modifying protocols of planar and tomographic research and optimizing the whole diagnostic algorithm for amyloidosis of the heart, are discussed.
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Currently the incidence of congestive heart failure after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) tends to increase. Reperfusion therapy is still the only effective method to reduce an infarct size. ⋯ These characteristics can help identify new groups of high risk patients and used as a targets for novel cardioprotective treatments. This part of the review summarizes novel CMR-based characteristics of myocardial infarction and their role in the prognostic stratification of STEMI patients.
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The current worldwide prevalence of heart failure is growing, while its combination with cardiovascular and other conditions determines a poor prognosis in these patients. Furthermore, acute decompensated heart failure is associated with a low survival rate mostly caused by target organ damage. ⋯ The goal of the review was to synthesize currently available evidence for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. A systematic search for studies published from 2018 to 2021 and their analysis was carried out in the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE.
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In recent decades, advances in molecular biology have led to a change in understanding the inheritance mechanisms and development of cardiological diseases of predominantly genetic origin, such as hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, familial hypercholesterolemia, etc. This knowledge made it possible to develop fundamentally new drug interventions. Programs for detecting cardiac diseases of predominantly genetic origin have been created, including genetic counseling and testing. Competence in this area is becoming a necessary part of a cardiologist's job.