Terapevt Arkh
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The widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) programs during the COVID-19 pandemic to assess the exact volume of lung tissue damage has allowed them to train a large number of radiologists. The simplicity of the program for determining the volume of the affected lung tissue in acute interstitial pneumonia, which has density indicators in the range from -200 HU to -730 HU, which includes the density indicators of "ground glass" and reticulation (the main radiation patterns in COVID-19) allows you to accurately determine the degree of prevalence process. The characteristics of chronic interstitial pneumonia, which are progressive in nature, fit into the same density framework. Аim. To аssess AI's ability to assess the progression of fibrosing lung disease using lung volume counting programs used for COVID-19 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ⋯ Using the experience of using AI programs to assess acute interstitial pneumonia in COVID-19 can be applied to chronic interstitial pneumonia.
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An analysis of the results of studies carried out by specialists of the Russian Respiratory Society over the past 15 years is given. The article also includes the main provisions set out in the III Guidelines for dyspnea. A significant part of the manual is devoted to the recent achievements in studying neurophysiological processes in the brain structures during the development of dyspnea. ⋯ A diagnostic algorithm for long-term follow-up of patients with dyspnea syndrome is also discussed. The attention of doctors is drawn to the features of dyspnea during COVID-19; the disproportion between the sensory perception of respiratory discomfort and the degree of oxygen desaturation is emphasized. It was concluded that in the Russian-speaking environment of patients, doctors should actively use a verbal characteristic of dyspnea the language of dyspnea.
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A combination of factors, including Western European eating habits, physical inactivity and genetic predisposition, lead to a dramatic increase in adipose tissue mass. A special place is occupied by abdominal obesity, in which there is an accumulation of adipose tissue in the mesentery of the small intestine and the omentum. ⋯ The most important role of metabolically active fat in the pathogenesis of many respiratory diseases is known, including bronchial asthma, obstructive sleep apnea and pulmonary hypertension. This paper presents an overview of current data on immunological, pathophysiological and clinical features of the phenotype of the combination of respiratory diseases with overweight and obesity.
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The article for the first time provides a relatively comprehensive overview of the main aspects of the epidemiology and clinical features of infectious pathology, i.e., community-acquired pneumonia, as comorbid and aggravating conditions in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk factors and pathogenetic patterns of infectious processes development, as well as the special etiological role of pneumococcal infection in this group of patients, are considered. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of and approaches to the primary prevention of vaccine-preventable infections as the causes of the development of community-acquired pneumonia and invasive diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus with a review of international studies, guidelines, and local experience data in pneumococcal infection immunization.
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This article presents the experience of successful use of the drug dupilumab in a patient with severe atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma. The effectiveness of biological therapy with dupilumab 300 mg subcutaneously for 52 weeks of T-2 associated diseases, including a combination of severe atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma, uncontrolled course based on the case history of patient Ts., born in 2006 with the diagnosis "Main: atopic dermatitis, common form, severe course. Concomitant diagnosis: bronchial asthma, persistent course, uncontrolled, moderate severity". ⋯ With bronchial asthma, a reduction in exacerbations, normalization of respiratory function indicators, complete control of the disease has been achieved. The targeted biological drug dupilumab has a targeted effect on the key links in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma and reduces the burden of severe diseases. Therefore, the use of dupilumab in atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma contributes to achieving disease control and improving the patient's quality of life.