Turk J Med Sci
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The incidence of adrenal tumors is increasing due to the widespread utilization of radiographic imaging techniques. Factors such as tumor size, radiological characteristics, and functionality of adrenal adenomas play crucial roles in diagnosis and subsequent management. In this retrospective study, we investigated the clinical, radiological, and surgical features of patients with adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) and evaluated their follow-up results. ⋯ Although the majority of AIs are nonfunctioning, the prevalence of functioning adrenal adenomas is not rare. Our findings suggest that adenoma size emerges as a valuable predictor for early detection of functioning adenomas. In addition, smaller masses appear to carry a lower risk of malignancy.
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To analyze the long-term outcome of pediatric patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. ⋯ When compared with national data and multicenter studies of developed countries, survival rates were acceptable.
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In this study, we investigated the blink reflex (BR) after simultaneous and asynchronous stimulation of two trigeminal nerve branches. The objective was to characterize the physiology of trigeminal and facial circuits. ⋯ The SON+MN stimulation caused an increased R1 circuit excitability compared to the arithmetic sum of the single stimulations; however, magnitudes of late responses did not potentiate. Thus, we have provided evidence for R1 circuit enhancement by simultaneous stimulation in humans, whereas modulation of late responses exhibited a recovery curve similar to that shown for paired SON stimulation.
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) usually affects the wrist, metacarpophalangeal joint, and proximal interphalangeal joint of the hands. However, the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints may also be involved in RA patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency and associated factors of DIP joint erosion in patients with RA. ⋯ In this large-sample study, we reported DIP joint involvement in patients with RA. Advanced age could have affected the results because hand erosions increase above 50 years in a healthy population. Our results may provide a different perspective on joint involvement in RA.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Several studies have shown that alterations of microbiota increase the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. We aimed to reveal whether there is a difference in the gut microbiota of patients with ALS. ⋯ Comparison with family members living in the same house is the strength of this study. We found that there were changes in the microbiota of the patients, consistent with the literature. Studies that analyze the composition of the gut microbiota in the predisease period may be needed to understand whether dysbiosis is caused by the mechanisms inherent in the disease or whether it is dysbiosis that initiates the disease.