Respiratory care
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Feasibility of a Health Coaching and Home-Based Rehabilitation Intervention With Remote Monitoring for COPD: A Mixed-Methods Randomized Study.
Pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective treatment for patients with COPD, but patient uptake and adherence to the current offering of center-based pulmonary rehabilitation is modest due to transportation, access, poverty, and frailty, and even more so in the context of the COVID pandemic. Home-based options have been proposed and were found noninferior to center-based rehabilitation; however, there is a lack of home-based programs, and more understanding is needed. We aimed to test the feasibility, uptake, and adherence to a home-based program for COPD rehabilitation with health coaching. ⋯ The tested home-based rehabilitation program with health coaching was feasible, highly acceptable, showed a high degree of adherence, and improved self-management abilities. This study offers seminal information for home-based rehabilitation programs to design alternative options of rehabilitation to individuals with COPD that cannot attend to the well-established center-based pulmonary rehabilitation. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT02557178.).
-
Until now, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) has been considered the leading cause of blood transfusion-related diseases and death. In addition, there is no clinically effective treatment plan for TRALI. The aim of this study was to systematically summarize the literature on risk factors for TRALI in critical patients. ⋯ The risk factors that were positively correlated with TRALI in this study included number of transfusions and units of fresh frozen plasma. Age, female sex, tobacco use, chronic alcohol abuse, positive fluid balance, shock before transfusion, ASA score, and mechanical ventilation may be potential risk factors for TRALI. Our results suggest that host-related risk factors may play a more important role in the occurrence and development of TRALI than risk factors related to blood transfusions.
-
Lung ultrasound (LUS) is an effective imaging modality that can differentiate pathological lung from non-diseased lung. We aimed to explore the value of bedside LUS in patients with severe and critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated lung injury. ⋯ The most common abnormal LUS pattern in subjects with severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia was B-lines, followed by lung consolidation. Bedside LUS can provide important information for pulmonary involvement in patients with COVID-19.
-
The Immediate Physiological Effects of E-Cigarette Use and Exposure to Secondhand E-Cigarette Vapor.
Vaping continues to grow as an alternative to smoking and as a recreational activity for people of all ages, including minors. The billion-dollar industry offers users a plethora of flavors, nicotine concentrations, e-juice combinations, and devices. While some studies suggest vaping is beneficial for certain ailments and as a smoking cessation tool, many studies report concerning health outcomes associated with vape use. Recent FDA regulations have banned certain vaping products following an increase of vaping-related lung injuries reported in 2019. Health care providers need to better understand the physiological effects of vaping-specific products and the impact of secondhand vapor. The specific aims of the present study were to understand the immediate effects on heart rate, breathing frequency, blood pressure, blood sugar, [Formula: see text], pulmonary function, and oral temperature following e-cigarette use and secondhand vapor exposure. ⋯ Vaping with mint-flavored e-cigarettes with 5% nicotine for 20 min resulted in significant immediate physiological changes. Exposure to e-cigarette vapor significantly increased oral temperature within the same amount of time.
-
There is a paucity of research on e-cigarette use among adults with chronic lung disease. Accordingly, little is known about the factors that may contribute to e-cigarette use in this population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between chronic lung disease and e-cigarette use and to determine whether binge drinking moderates this relationship. ⋯ E-cigarette use appears to be more common among adults with chronic lung disease. Although binge drinking was positively associated with e-cigarette use, more frequent binge drinking weakened the relationship between chronic lung disease and e-cigarette use. Though future studies are needed to determine precisely how binge drinking affects this association, it is possible that individuals with chronic lung disease who binge drink more frequently use e-cigarettes less frequently, despite an increased likelihood of having ever used an e-cigarette. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT04135404.).