Anesthesia, essays and researches
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Endotracheal intubation is important to carry out various surgical procedures. The estimation of endotracheal tube size is governed by narrowest diameter of the upper airway. The objective of the study was to assess the narrowest tracheal diameter by ultrasound for selection of the appropriate size endotracheal tube. ⋯ Ultrasonography may be used for the assessment of the subglottic diameter of trachea in children to estimate the appropriate size endotracheal tube for intubation.
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The most common cause of difficult intubation in pediatrics is due to congenital anomalies of airway. We report a case of neonate with congenital epulis (CE) who presented with a difficult airway. A 7-day old neonate weighted 3.2 kg with a large mass occupying the oral cavity that was diagnosed as congenital epulis was scheduled for excision biopsy. ⋯ In conclusion, epulis presents a real challenge to anesthesiologists. It can be excised either under local or general anesthesia, depending on the size of its pedicle. If done under general anesthesia, assessment of the airway is mandatory for better airway management and safe endotracheal intubation.
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The radical surgical procedures are associated with perioperative blood loss. This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in reducing perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing radical surgery. ⋯ The prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid has effectively reduced theblood loss and transfusion needs during radical surgery without any adverse effects or complication of thrombosis.
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Though rocuronium has a rapid onset of neuromuscular blockade like succinylcholine without the latter's adverse effects, its use is limited due to its prolonged action. ⋯ Rocuronium in dose of 0.3 mg/kg does not give clinically acceptable intubating conditions at 60 or 90 s but has shorter duration of action. Rocuronium in dose of 0.6 mg/kg gives clinically acceptable intubating conditions at 60 or 90 s, comparable to succinylcholine 1 mg/kg.
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The objective of this study is to evaluate the intraoral high tuberocity maxillary nerve block technique in zygoma and arch fracture reduction and fixation. ⋯ The maxillary nerve block is a good alternative option in selective cases of zygomatic bone fracture reduction.