Anesthesia, essays and researches
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General anesthesia is preferred for clavicular surgeries. With the advent of ultrasound-guided technology, interscalene brachial plexus block with superficial cervical nerve block has become a new option for providing intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for surgeries of the clavicle. ⋯ Ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block combined with superficial cervical nerve block is a safe and effective mode of anesthesia in comparison to general anesthesia for clavicle surgeries.
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Transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) has an evolving role in postoperative analgesia following laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). ⋯ The 150 μg dose of clonidine in TAP block prolongs the duration of analgesia but with higher incidence of sedation.
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Clonidine, an alpha2 agonist, when added to local anesthetics in different regional and neuraxial blocks reduces the onset time, improves the efficacy, and increases the duration of postoperative analgesia. ⋯ The inclusion of 100 μg of clonidine with bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks prolongs both sensory and motor blockade. It also provides significant postoperative analgesia and mild sedation which is beneficial in the immediate stressful postoperative period.
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Perioperative shivering can occur in up to 85% of patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. It has many detrimental effects and disrupts early mother-child bonding. Therefore, it should ideally be prevented by either pharmacologic or nonpharmacological means. ⋯ Combined use of ondansetron and forced- air warmer was more effective in reducing the incidence of shivering in pregnant women during elective cesarean section than when used individually.
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This study was designed to compare the prevention of emergence agitation (EA) of sevoflurane anesthesia by an intraoperative bolus or low-dose infusion of dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries. ⋯ Both bolus or low-dose infusion of dexmedetomidine was effective for the prevention of EA with sevoflurane anesthesia, but bolus dose of dexmedetomidine was more effective.