BMC anesthesiology
-
Clinical Trial Observational Study
Incidence of postoperative opioid-induced respiratory depression episodes in patients on room air or supplemental oxygen: a post-hoc analysis of the PRODIGY trial.
Supplemental oxygen (SO) potentiates opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) in experiments on healthy volunteers. Our objective was to examine the relationship between SO and OIRD in patients on surgical units. ⋯ Despite oxygen desaturation events not differing between SO and RA, SO may clinically promote OIRD. Clinicians should be aware that postoperative patients receiving SO therapy remain at increased risk for apnea and bradypnea.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of different ratios of propofol-ketamine admixture in rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia for emergency laparotomy: a randomized controlled trial.
We aimed to compare the hemodynamic effect of two ratios of propofol and ketamine (ketofol), namely 1:1 and 1:3 ratios, in rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia for emergency laparotomy. ⋯ NCT05166330. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05166330 .
-
While the mechanism of general anesthesia has been extensively studied, the underlying neural circuitry has yet to be fully understood. The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) plays a crucial role in modulating wakefulness and promoting arousal from general anesthesia. However, the specific role of PBN projections in the process of general anesthesia remains unclear. ⋯ Our findings indicate that optogenetic activation of the PBN-LH and PBN-BF projections plays a significant role in promoting both cortical and behavioral emergence from isoflurane inhalation, without significantly affecting the induction time. Conversely, photoinhibition of these pathways prolonged the recovery time, with no notable difference observed during the induction phase. In summary, our results demonstrate that the PBN-LH and PBN-BF pathways are crucial for promoting arousal from isoflurane general anesthesia, but do not have a pronounced impact on the induction phase.
-
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is widely used in clinical sedation which has little effect on cardiopulmonary inhibition, however the mechanism remains to be elucidated. The basal forebrain (BF) is a key nucleus that controls sleep-wake cycle. The horizontal limbs of diagonal bundle (HDB) is one subregions of the BF. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the possible mechanism of DEX is through the α2 adrenergic receptor of BF (HDB). ⋯ Taken together, our findings revealed DEX decreased the discharge activity of BF (HDB) neuron via α2 adrenergic receptors.
-
Although it is unclear if preoperative anemia affects patients undergoing radical resection of esophageal cancer, it does increase the length of stay (LOS) for surgical patients. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate if, after adjusting for other covariates, anemia was independently associated with LOS in people undergoing radical resection of esophageal cancer. ⋯ Preoperative anemia is typical in Chinese patients undergoing radical esophageal cancer resection and is independently associated with prolonged LOS.