BMC anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of the effects of dexmedetomidine infusion on oxygenation and lung mechanics in morbidly obese patients with restrictive lung disease.
Dexmedetomidine infusion improves oxygenation and lung mechanics in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease; however, its effect in patients with restrictive lung disease has not been thoroughly investigated yet. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine infusion on oxygenation and lung mechanics in morbidly obese patients with restrictive lung disease. ⋯ A 90-min dexmedetomidine infusion resulted in moderate improvement in oxygenation and lung mechanics in morbidly obese patients with restrictive lung disease.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of different doses of dexmedetomidine as a rapid bolus for children: a double-blind, prospective, randomized study.
Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly sensitive α2-adrenoceptor agonist that possesses anxiolytic, sedative, and analgesic effects, has been documented as a preventative and treatment for emergence agitation (EA). The therapeutic should be given as a loading dose that is infused during a 10 min period, but if a rapid bolus injection is deemed to be hemodynamically appropriate, it would be a more opportune route of administration. So we studied the efficacy of different doses of DEX as a rapid bolus for children to prevent and treat EA. ⋯ Rapid intravenous injection (IV) bolus administration of 0.75 and 1.0 μg/kg of DEX could improve the recovery profile by reducing the incidence of EA in children. Although its use resulted in a transient decreases in HR and MBP, DEX was clinically well-tolerated in children.
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Case Reports
Acute heart failure after Orthotopic liver transplantation: a case series from one center.
Patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) can develop acute heart failure (HF) in the postoperative period despite having had a normal cardiac evaluation prior to surgery. End-stage liver disease is often associated with underlying cardiac dysfunction which, while not identified during preoperative testing, manifests itself during or immediately after surgery. ⋯ Diastolic dysfunction, QTc interval prolongation, and an increase in BNP may be predictive of postoperative HF. Current recommendations for preoperative cardiovascular evaluation of transplant candidates does not include studies examining these risk factors and should be revised. Further investigations are necessary to evaluate these findings.
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Clinical Trial Observational Study
Assessment of changes of regional ventilation distribution in the lung tissue depending on the driving pressure applied during high frequency jet ventilation.
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a tool to monitor regional ventilation distribution in patient's lungs under general anesthesia. The objective of this study was to assess the regional ventilation distribution using different driving pressures (DP) during high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV). ⋯ In our study intraoperative EIT was an effective method of functional monitoring of the lungs during HFJV for rigid bronchoscopy procedure. Lower driving pressure was as effective in providing sufficient ventilation distribution through the lungs as the higher driving pressure but characterized by lower airway pressure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Cost-effectiveness of anesthesia maintained with sevoflurane or propofol with and without additional monitoring: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.
We compared cost-effectiveness of anesthesia maintained with sevoflurane or propofol with and without additional monitoring, in the clinical setting of ear-nose-throat surgery. ⋯ Our study demonstrated that the use of BIS and TOF monitoring decreased the total cost of anesthesia drugs and hastened postoperative recovery. However, in our circumstances, these were associated with higher disposables costs. Detailed cost analysis and further investigations are needed to identify patient populations who would benefit most from additional monitoring.