BMC anesthesiology
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Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective adrenergic receptor agonist, which has a dose-dependent sedative hypnotic effect. Furthermore, it also has pharmacological properties, and the ability to inhibit sympathetic activity and improve cardiovascular stability during an operation. However, its protective effect on patients with severe craniocerebral injury in the perioperative period remains unclear. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine protects the brain of rats with severe craniocerebral injury by reducing the release of inflammatory mediators.
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Lubrication of cuffed tracheal tubes (CTTs) reduces liquid leakage. However, it is not clear how cuff lubrication influences air leakage. We aimed to test the hypothesis that pretreatment with K-Y jelly, a water-soluble lubricant, would improve the air-sealing performance of pediatric CTTs in a model study. ⋯ Pre-treatment of the cuff with K-Y jelly significantly improved the air-sealing performance of a pediatric CTT in our model study.
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The effectiveness of a combination of a lipid emulsion with epinephrine in reversing local anesthetic-induced cardiac arrest has been confirmed. The combination of a lipid emulsion with levosimendan, was shown to be superior to administration of a lipid emulsion alone with regard to successful resuscitation. In this study, we compared the reversal effects of levosimendan, epinephrine, and a combination of the two agents in lipid-based resuscitation in a rat model of bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest. ⋯ Levosimendan combined with epinephrine may be superior to either drug alone for lipid-based resuscitation in a rat model of bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest. The drug combination was associated with a higher survival rate as well as decreased epinephrine consumption and lung damage.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat: a randomized comparison of Glidescope with Macintosh laryngoscope.
Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common problem following endotracheal (ET) intubation during general anesthesia. The objective was to compare the incidence and severity of POST during routine intubation with Glidescope (GL) and Macintosh laryngoscope (MCL). ⋯ Routine use of GL for ET tube placement results in reduction in the incidence and severity of POST compared to MCL.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Determination of the optimal inspiratory pressure providing adequate ventilation while minimizing gastric insufflation using real-time ultrasonography in Chinese children: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study.
During facemask ventilation, gastric insufflation is defined as appearance of a comet-tail or an acoustic shadow on ultrasonography. Ultrasonographic measurement of antral cross-section area (CSA) may reflect an insufflated antrum and provide interesting semi-quantitative data in regard to the gastric insufflation. This study aimed to determine the appropriate level of inspiratory pressure sufficient to provide adequate pulmonary ventilation with a lower occurrence of gastric insufflation during facemask pressure-controlled ventilation using real-time ultrasonography in paralyzed children. ⋯ We concluded that an inspiratory pressure of 12 cm H2O is sufficient to provide adequate ventilation with a lower occurrence of gastric insufflation during induction of general anesthesia in paralyzed Chinese children aged from 2 to 4 years old.